摘要:陆地生态系统碳循环是生物地球化学循环的关键过程之一。碳利用效率（carbon use efficiency，CUE）是描述生物用于形成生物量的碳占其所吸收总碳比例的一个定量指标，反映了生物的碳同化能力和固碳潜力，是研究生态系统碳循环中碳通量和碳分配模式的重要参数，能有效预测生物与周围环境之间的碳流通和碳反馈。目前，关于CUE的研究还不充分，尤其是对CUE及其影响因子的系统性综合论述还较少。为此，本文综述了国内外有关碳利用效率（植物碳利用效率（CUE_a）和微生物碳利用效率（CUE_h））的研究方法和研究进展，分析了CUE_a和CUE_h的异同、内在联系及作用机理。基于分析对今后的研究提出几点展望：（1）优化测量手段和计算方法，适当地调整参数，将模型方法与实测数据结合，使CUE的定量描述结果更准确；（2）结合不同尺度的研究结果，探究个体、种群、群落、生态系统等不同空间尺度和时间尺度上CUE的联系及变化规律，为碳循环和碳流通的时空变化规律提供新证据；（3）研究CUE对全球变化（如高温、干旱、CO₂浓度增加等）的响应，探讨CUE对未来气候情景的响应和适应机制；（4）开展有关物种丰富度或生物多样性的梯度变化对CUE的影响研究，阐释物种多样性减少或物种灭绝等现象对碳循环过程的影响，将生态系统物种多样性与生态系统功能相联系；（5）加强对CUE_h的研究，定量探究其与CUE_a的异同，并将二者结合起来，更全面地解释地上-地下生态系统碳的分配特征。同时适当开展动物CUE的研究，目前该类研究还缺乏系统性。



Abstract:Terrestrial carbon cycle is one of the vital processes in biogeochemical cycle. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), which is defined as the ratio of growth over total C uptake for organisms, is one of the important parameters in studying carbon flux and carbon distribution patterns. CUE is a quantitative indicator reflecting the carbon assimilation capacity and carbon sequestration potential and can predict carbon feedbacks among the organisms and abiotic environment effectively. However, there are few studies on the CUE, especially the systematic and comprehensive discussion of CUE and its impact factors. We reviewed research methods and developments of carbon use efficiency, compared connections, similarities and differences between CUE_a (the carbon use efficiency of plant) and CUE_h (the carbon use efficiency of microbe). Then, we provided several suggestions for future research:(1) optimizing measure and calculation methods, adjusting parameters based on the local conditions, and combining model methods with the measured data to make CUE's results more accurate; (2) combining CUEs at different scales such as individual, population, community and ecosystem, which can be used to explore the similarities and differences of CUE at different spatial and temporal scales, and provide a new idea for carbon cycle and carbon circulation; (3) studying the responses of CUE to global changes (such as high temperature, drought and CO₂ enrichment), revealing the response and adaptation mechanisms of CUE to global changes; (4) exploring influences of the biological richness and diversity gradients on CUE, explaining the impacts of species diversity reduction or extinction on carbon cycle processes, and linking species diversity with ecosystem functions; (5) strengthening CUE_h research and separating its similarities and differences from CUE_a, combining the CUE_a and CUE_h to explain the carbon distribution and flux characteristics of above- and below-ground parts. At the same time, the research of animal CUE should be carried out appropriately because of rare information of this type of CUE.





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