摘要:生态系统服务流是实现生态系统服务供给与人类需求耦合的重要桥梁，是当前生态系统服务研究的热点与前沿。科学理解生态系统服务从产生、传递到使用的全过程，明确区域生态系统服务供给与需求的平衡状况，对于实现区域可持续发展与提高人类福祉具有重要意义。在综合分析国内外相关研究的基础上，阐述了生态系统服务流的概念内涵，归纳总结了生态系统服务流的定量研究方法，并系统梳理了国内外生态系统服务流研究在理论探索与应用案例方面的研究进展；探讨了当前生态系统服务流研究中存在的问题和不足，包括：生态系统服务从供给区传递至需求区的空间转移规律尚不明晰、定量评估生态系统服务流的方法不成熟、面向应用的生态系统服务流的研究较为缺乏，以及人与自然耦合系统中生态系统服务流研究框架有待进一步完善。未来的研究需要重点关注复杂系统中生态系统服务流跨尺度、跨区域的传递过程，加强生态系统服务的空间流动过程与传递路径的定量分析与模拟，重视生态系统服务流的应用性研究，尤其是在生态恢复、生态补偿、城市规划等方面的应用，并完善人与自然耦合系统中生态系统服务流的研究框架，以期促进生态系统服务流研究的发展。



Abstract:Ecosystem service flows have increasingly been a hot topic in recent years, as it serves as an important bridge connecting ecosystem services supply and human demand. Research on ecosystem service flows contributes to our understanding of the completed delivery processes of ecosystem services and analyzes the relationship between ecosystem services supply and demand. It has great significance for achieving regional sustainable development and improving human well-being. Based on the comprehensive analysis of relevant studies, this paper described the concept of ecosystem service flows and summarized the approaches for quantifying ecosystem service flows. Following that, the research progress from both theoretical and applied aspects was systematically reviewed. In addition, the shortcomings of recent studies were summarized. These include:1) the ecosystem serveries delivery process from supply areas to demand areas has not been fully explored; 2) the method of quantitative assessment of ecosystem service flows needs to be improved; 3) research on integrating the concept of ecosystem service flows into practical application was relatively rare; and 4) the research framework of ecosystem service flows in the coupled human and environmental systems needs improvement. Furthermore, four research perspectives were proposed, including exploration of the ecosystem services delivery processes in the complex system, developing spatially distributed models to simulate the delivery process and delivery path of ecosystem services, applying the concept of ecosystem service flows into ecological restoration, ecological compensation, and urban planning, and improving the research framework of ecosystem service flows. These prospects and reviews were expected to serve as a reference for research of ecosystem service flows and provide a scientific foundation for regional planning and sustainable development.





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