摘要:根据2015年秋季和2017年秋季在杭州湾南岸灰鳖洋海域调查获得的渔业资源资料，运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠、聚类分析、W检验、基于2×2列联表的χ²检验，联结系数（AC）以及共同出现百分比（PC）等方法分析主要游泳动物间的生态关系。结果表明：该海域主要游泳动物共有21种，其中优势种有龙头鱼（Harpodon nehereus）和安氏白虾（Exopalaemon annandalei）2种，这两个物种的生态位宽度值占据前两位；通过对该海域主要游泳动物的生态位宽度值可将其划分为3组，分别为广生态位种、中生态位种和狭生态位种；种对间生态位重叠值介于0-0.93之间，总体差异较大，表明物种利用资源的能力具有相似性，种对间存在一定竞争性；根据方差比率和W检验得出主要游泳动物总体呈显著正关联；χ²检验显示有105个种对的联结性显著（χ²≥3.841）；联结系数（AC）和共同出现百分率（PC）表明种间联结性较强，总体趋于正相关。



Abstract:Based on fishery survey data from the Hui-bie-yang sea area of Hangzhou Bay in the autumns of 2015 and 2017, the ecological relationship between major nekton was analyzed via niche breadth, niche overlap, cluster analysis, W-test, χ²-test, association coefficient (AC), and percentage of co-occurrence (PC). The results showed that there were 21 major nekton species in this area; of which, the dominant species were Harpodon nehereus and Exopalaemon annandalei, whose niche widths occupied the top two. Based on the niche breadth cluster analysis, the major nekton species were divided into three groups:wide niche breadth species, moderate niche breadth, and narrow niche breadth species. The niche overlap values varied from 0-0.93, which shows marked difference, indicating that the species had a similarity of ability in using resources, and there was a certain degree of competition between species. The VR and W results showed that the major nekton species were significantly positively correlated. The χ²-test suggested that there were significantly interspecific associations for 105 species pairs (χ² ≥ 3.841). The results of AC and PC revealed that the association of interspecificity was strong, and tended to be positive correlation.





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