公共政策情境中行为习惯的形成机制与培养策略

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杜立婷¹(

), 李东进²

¹天津工业大学人文学院, 天津 300387
²南开大学商学院, 天津 300071

收稿日期:2019-09-17出版日期:2020-07-15发布日期:2020-05-21
通讯作者:杜立婷E-mail:master_dlt@hotmail.com

基金资助:* 国家自然科学基金项目(71702127);国家自然科学基金项目(71772092);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71832005);天津市哲学社会科学规划项目(TJGL16-008Q)

Mechanisms and strategies for cultivating behavioral habits within the field of public policy

DU Liting¹(

), LI Dongjin²

¹School of Humanities, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
²Business School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

Received:2019-09-17Online:2020-07-15Published:2020-05-21
Contact:DU Liting E-mail:master_dlt@hotmail.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 引导社会成员重塑日常良好行为习惯是增强公共政策有效性的重要路径和切入点, 洞悉并把握行为习惯的形成机制对具体培养策略的制定和实施大有裨益。行为习惯是指通过高频重复的奖励习得, 在记忆中形成的情境与反应之间的内隐联结。作为一种特殊的内隐记忆系统, 行为习惯具有自动化、情境线索依赖性、对当前奖励低敏感性等特征。行为习惯的形成机制包含两个独立且共发的习得机制, 即联结习得机制和奖励习得机制。在日常良好行为习惯的形成初期, 目标引导着个体对行为价值的习得。在培养社会成员日常良好行为习惯的过程中, 应将情境线索的稳定性、高频行为的低认知重复以及奖励的合理设置, 作为公共政策助推社会成员养成日常良好行为习惯的三大核心策略。未来的研究方向应着力于加强习惯研究的学科视阈融合, 更新行为习惯领域的研究范式, 重置公共设施以提升有益行为的易达性, 以及引入商业模式以共促社会成员日常良好行为习惯的重塑。

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