康一奇, 种霞, 吴南()

北京联合大学师范学院, 北京 100011

收稿日期:2017-06-01出版日期:2018-07-15发布日期:2018-05-29
通讯作者:吴南E-mail:wunantom@126.com

基金资助:国家自然科学基金青年项目(NSFC81501184);北京联合大学人才强校计划(BPHR2017CS05);校级教育科学课题(Sk30201706)

Autism Spectrum Disorders early warning: Occurrence, development and influencing factors of joint attention and empathy

KANG Yiqi, CHONG Xia, WU Nan()

Teachers College of Beijing Union University, Beijing 100011, China

Received:2017-06-01Online:2018-07-15Published:2018-05-29
Contact:WU Nan E-mail:wunantom@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 自闭症在3岁前已经发病, 目前对于自闭症儿童的诊断却要到3岁后, 滞后性的诊断使得自闭症儿童可能错过最佳干预治疗期。证据显示, 在婴幼儿早期, 联合注意与共情的发生发展可以作为3岁之前自闭症预警的重要内容。早期联合注意能力发展异常是自闭症言语和社交障碍的重要诱因; 而早期共情能力发展的偏离则可能导致自闭症儿童表现出社交障碍和沟通障碍。文章初步描绘出早期联合注意和共情的发生发展轨迹, 总结归纳了影响二者早期发生发展的三个重要方面：神经生理、遗传和环境机制。未来的研究应考虑结合分子生物学和神经成像技术, 设计更加生态化的联合注意及共情任务, 探索自闭症个体联合注意和共情损伤在大脑分子细胞层面的表征状态, 从而为自闭症的早期预警提供更加客观的指标。

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