张晗^{1, 2, 3,},
赵小敏^{1, 3, 4,,},
欧阳真程^{1, 2},
郭熙^{1, 2, 3},
李伟峰^{1, 2},
匡丽花⁴,
叶英聪^{1, 2},
黄聪^{1, 2},
汪晓燕^{1, 2}
1.江西农业大学江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室/南方粮油作物协同创新中心 南昌 330045
2.江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院 南昌 330045
3.江西农业大学土地科学研究所 南昌 330045
4.南京农业大学公共管理学院 南京 210095
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目41361049
江西省自然科学基金项目20122BAB204012

详细信息

作者简介:张晗, 主要从事土地遥感与信息、土地利用规划和耕地质量监测等研究。E-mail:zhanghan0307@163.com

通讯作者:赵小敏, 主要从事农业遥感与信息技术、土地规划和土地资源利用等研究。E-mail:zhaoxm889@126.com

中图分类号:F301.21

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出版历程

收稿日期:2017-06-03
录用日期:2017-08-03
刊出日期:2018-02-01

Multi-scale spatial autocorrelation analysis of cultivated land quality in China's southern hillside areas: A case study of Lichuan County, Jiangxi Province

ZHANG Han^{1, 2, 3,},
ZHAO Xiaomin^{1, 3, 4,,},
OUYANG Zhencheng^{1, 2},
GUO Xi^{1, 2, 3},
LI Weifeng^{1, 2},
KUANG Lihua⁴,
YE Yingcong^{1, 2},
HUANG Cong^{1, 2},
WANG Xiaoyan^{1, 2}
1. Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Basin Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Nanchang 330045, China
2. College of Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
3. Institute of Land Science, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
4. College of Public Administration, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Funds: the National Natural Science Foundation of China41361049
the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province20122BAB204012

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Corresponding author:ZHAO Xiaomin, E-mail:zhaoxm889@126.com

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摘要
摘要:分析不同尺度下的耕地质量空间分布格局，是提高耕地质量与加强耕地保护建设的基础。选取耕地质量等别监测试点县江西省黎川县为研究区，运用加权平均法、变异系数法和空间自相关分析法，以国家级耕地质量指数为空间变量，分别从县级、乡镇级和村级尺度上探讨了耕地质量的空间关联程度及其分异规律。研究结果表明：1）研究区耕地质量呈现出"南北高，东西低"的空间分布规律，耕地质量指数Mora's I值表现为国家利用等指数>国家经济等指数>国家自然等指数，县级、乡镇级和村级耕地质量指数的Moran's I值依次降低，三者均呈显著的空间正自相关集聚态势。2）随着空间尺度的不同，耕地质量指数具有不同的空间关联度，自然等指数受空间尺度影响较大，经济等指数其次，利用等指数最小。3）正相关高-高型和低-低型耕地以组团形式聚集分布，负相关高-低型和低-高型耕地无明显的集中区域，多以零星状分布。研究结果显示耕地质量空间差异对空间尺度的变化较为敏感，可为区域高标准基本农田建设、土地综合整治、耕地质量监测和耕地保护与管理分区提供借鉴参考。
关键词:山地丘陵区/
耕地质量/
空间自相关/
空间尺度/
黎川县
Abstract:Cultivated lands are among the most fundamental resources for national food security and sustainable social development. Scientific analysis of the spatial distribution patterns and evolutionary characteristics of cultivated land quality is significant for the protection and layout optimization of cultivated lands. Analysis of the spatial distribution of cultivated land quality at different scales is the basis of cultivated land quality improvement and strengthening of cultivated land protection. This paper was based on cultivated land quality monitoring experimental unit in Lichuan County in Jiangxi Province and then used weighted average, variation coefficient, and spatial autocorrelation to analyze spatial disparity characteristics of cultivated land quality. Multi-scale spatial autocorrelation analysis of cultivated land quality research is a hot research area. The innovation in this paper was the introduction of natural land grade index, use of the grade index and economic grade index as the space variable to separately explore and discuss the degree of spatial correlation and spatial disparity of cultivated land quality at county-scale, township-scale and village-scale in GIS environment. The results of the research showed that:1) Cultivated land quality index was high in the south and north and low in the west and east in Lichuan County. When the threshold distance was 400 m, there was a significant spatial autocorrelation in cultivated land quality. The Moran's I value of natural land grade index was highest, followed by economical land grade index, and land use grade index was the lowest. The Moran's I value of cultivated land quality from county to township and then to village scales decreased systematically. Multi-scale spatial autocorrelation analysis of cultivated land quality exhibited a significant aggregation of spatial distribution in Lichuan County. 2) It was found that different types of cultivated land quality indexes had remarkably different spatial correlations at different spatial scales. For the influence degree of spatial scale, land use grade index was greatly affected by spatial scale, followed by natural land index, and the economic land grade index was the weakest. For the coefficient of variation of cultivated land quality index, fluctuation in Moran's I value for cultivated land at village-scale was far greater than that at township scale. While at the same spatial scale, the coefficient of variation of natural land index was strongest, followed by economic land index and then land use index. 3) The results based on local indicators of spatial association (LISA) showed that positive spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land quality, included the high-high type and the low-low type, emerged as the shape of the cluster and in the form of group, while the negative spatial autocorrelation contained the high-low type and low-high type was fragmented in space. The results of the study showed that spatial disparity in cultivated land quality was sensitive to spatial scale. Therefore, for cultivated land quality improvement and protection, there was the need to pay more attention to spatial disparity of cultivated land quality at town scale and village scale. Also based on the difference in spatial correlation degree among the natural conditions, utilization conditions and economic benefits, it was possible to explore cultivated land quality improvement and protection measures that met actual ground situations in the study area. The results of the study provided the needed references for the construction of high-standard basic farmlands, land reclamation, regional cultivated land quality monitoring, cultivated land protection, partitioning and management of cultivated lands, cultivated land quality improvement and spatial optimization of cultivated land quality.
Key words:Mountain-hilly area/
Cultivated land quality/
Spatial autocorrelation/
Spatial scale/
Lichuan County

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图1黎川县各行政村耕地国家自然等指数(a)、国家利用等指数(b)和国家经济等指数(c)分布图
Figure1.Distribution maps of land natural grade index (a), land use grade index (b) and land economical grade index (c) of cultivated land on village scale of Lichuan County


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片


图2不同空间尺度下研究区耕地质量3类指数空间自相关图
Figure2.Spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land quality indexes in different spatial scales


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图3黎川县各行政村耕地国家自然等指数(a)、国家利用等指数(b)和国家经济等指数(c)全局Moran’s I值空间分布图
Figure3.Spatial distribution maps of Global Moran's I values of land natural grade index (a), land use grade index (b) and land economical grade index (c) of cultivated land on village scale of Lichuan County


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片


图4黎川县村级耕地国家自然等指数(a)、国家利用等指数(b)和国家经济等指数(c)空间关联局部指标(LISA)集聚图
Figure4.Cluster maps of of land natural grade index (a), land use grade index (b) and land economical grade index (c) of cultivated land with local indicators of spatial association (LISA) on village scale in Lichuan County


下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表1黎川县耕地质量指数Moran’s I值
Table1.Global Moran's I values of land quality indexes in Lichuan County

耕地质量指数 Land quality index	Moran’s I	Zscore	P	标准化统计量阈值 Threshold value (α=0.05)
国家自然等指数 Land natural grade index	0.474 8	109.36	0	1.96
国家利用等指数 Land use grade index	0.621 4	146.47	0	1.96
国家经济等指数 Land economical grade index	0.512 2	120.73	0	1.96

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表2黎川县各乡镇耕地质量指数Moran’s I值
Table2.Global Moran's I values of land quality indexes in towns of Lichuan County

乡镇名称 Town name	国家自然等指数 Land natural grade index	国家利用等指数 Land use grade index	国家经济等指数 Land economical grade index
德胜镇 Desheng Town	0.399 2	0.459 3	0.222 4
荷源乡 Heyuan Town	0.195 9	0.163 3	0.159 7
宏村镇 Hongcun Town	0.207 5	0.227 5	0.234 5
厚村乡 Houcun Town	0.180 2	0.305 7	0.234 6
湖坊乡 Hufang Town	0.125 8	0.354 0	0.193 8
龙安镇 Long’an Town	0.189 8	0.170 3	0.325 5
日峰镇 Rifeng Town	0.444 6	0.481 0	0.290 0
社苹乡 Sheping Town	0.189 9	0.115 8	0.168 7
潭溪乡 Tanxi Town	0.068 2	0.206 2	0.142 5
西城乡 Xicheng Town	0.110 1	0.368 0	0.243 2
熊村镇 Xiongcun Town	0.150 4	0.178 2	0.403 3
洵口镇 Xunkou Town	0.167 2	0.115 4	0.161 0
樟溪乡 Zhangxi Town	0.155 6	0.263 5	0.625 8
中田乡 Zhongtian Town	0.346 8	0.371 6	0.347 3
华山垦殖场 Huashan Farm	0.220 7	0.122 4	0.122 3
乡镇平均值 Average	0.210 1	0.260 1	0.258 3

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表3不同空间尺度下的耕地质量全局Moran’s I值
Table3.Global Moran's I values of cultivated land quality indexes on different spatial scales in Lichuan County

项目Item	尺度 Scale	国家自然等指数 Land natural grade index	国家利用等指数 Land use grade index	国家经济等指数 Land economical grade index
平均值Mean	县级County	0.474 8	0.621 4	0.512 2
	乡镇级Township	0.210 1	0.260 1	0.258 3
	村级Village	0.143 5	0.147 9	0.146 8
变异系数 Coefficient of variation	乡镇级Township	0.504 0	0.473 4	0.502 1
	村级Village	0.788 2	0.773 6	0.784 4

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