Kai Wang
Xuemei Wang
Yanli Pang
Changtao Jiang
1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
2 Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
3 Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
Funds: This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFA0800700 and 2018YFC1003200) and the National Natural Science Foundation of the P. R. of China (No. 91857115, 31925021, and 81921001).
Received Date: 2020-05-03
Rev Recd Date:2020-11-10
Abstract
Abstract
It is well known that an unhealthy lifestyle is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases, while in recent years, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiome and its metabolites also play a crucial role in the onset and development of many metabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease and so on. Numerous microorganisms dwell in the gastrointestinal tract, which is a key interface for energy acquisition and can metabolize dietary nutrients into many bioactive substances, thus acting as a link between the gut microbiome and its host. The gut microbiome is shaped by host genetics, immune responses and dietary factors. The metabolic and immune potential of the gut microbiome determines its significance in host health and diseases. Therefore, targeting the gut microbiome and relevant metabolic pathways would be effective therapeutic treatments for many metabolic diseases in the near future. This review will summarize information about the role of the gut microbiome in organism metabolism and the relationship between gut microbiome-derived metabolites and the pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases. Furthermore, recent advances in improving metabolic diseases by regulating the gut microbiome will be discussed.Keywords: gut microbiome,
metabolism,
metabolite,
immune regulation,
metabolic diseases
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