Han Wan
Li Nie
Tong Shao
Li-xin Xiang
Jian-zhong Shao
1 Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
2 Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
Funds: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31630083, 31372554, 31472298, 31572641, and 31272691)
Stem Cell and Translational Research, the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFA0101001)
Zhejiang Major Special Program of Breeding (2016C02055-4)
Received Date: 2017-04-17
Rev Recd Date:2017-05-16
Abstract
Abstract
It was widely known that retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) functions as a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that initiates innate antiviral immunity by detecting exogenous viral RNAs. However, recent studies showed that RIG-I participates in other various cellular activities by sensing endogenous RNAs under different circumstances. For example, RIG-I facilitates the therapy resistance and expansion of breast cancer cells and promotes T cell-independent B cell activation through interferon signaling activation by recognizing non-coding RNAs and endogenous retroviruses in certain situations. While in hepatocellular carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia, RIG-I acts as a tumor suppressor through either augmenting STAT1 activation by competitively binding STAT1 against its negative regulator SHP1 or inhibiting AKT-mTOR signaling pathway by directly interacting with Src respectively. These new findings suggest that RIG-I plays more diverse roles in various cellular life activities, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, than previously known. Taken together, the function of RIG-I exceeds far beyond that of a pattern recognition receptor.Keywords: RIG-I,
viral RNA,
endogenous RNA,
immunity,
cancer
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