关键词:杂交籼稻; 机械化种植; 株型; 产量; 穗部性状 Effects of Mechanized Planting Methods on Yield Components and Plant Type Characteristics ofIndica Hybrid Rice Fyou 498 LEI Xiao-Long1, LIU Li1, LIU Bo1, HUANG Guang-Zhong2, GUO Xiang3, MA Rong-Chao1,*, REN Wan-Jun1,* 1Sichuan Agricultural University / Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Wenjiang 611130, China
2 Pixian Bureau of Rural Development, Pixian 611730, China
3 Agrometeorological Center of Sichuan Meteorological Bureau, Chengdu 610066, China
Fund: AbstractIn order to identify plant type characteristics of high-yield population ofindica hybrid rice using mechanized planting methods, a split plot field experiment was conducted using Fyou 498 as material. The plant type characteristics and their relationships with yield components in treatments of mechanized direct-seeding, mechanized transplanting and artificial transplanting with different seedlings per hill and different sowing dates were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) The traits of plant type differed markedly among the treatments of three planting methods. The length, width and leaf distance of top three leaves as well as blade tangent and drooping angle were larger under mechanized direct-seeding and transplanting. The top three leaves were erect with proper leaf area in the treatment of artificial transplanting. Plant height and leaf size of top three leaves were significantly larger in the treatments of mechanized direct-seeding and transplanting than in that of artificial transplanting. However, specific leaf weight, panicles per plant and total leaves were greater under artificial transplanting than under mechanized planting. For culm angle, spikelets and grain weight per panicle, the ranking orders of treatments were mechanized transplanting > artificial transplanting > mechanized direct-seeding. Leaf area increased with delaying sowing date or decreasing seedling number per hill and late sowing reduced the ratio of grain number to leaf area, panicles per plant, spikelets per panicle and seed-setting rate markedly. A significantly positive correlation was observed between grain weight per panicle and length, width, inserted height of leaf and plant height. Grain weight per plant was lower under mechanized direct-seeding than under mechanized transplanting and artificial transplanting. (2) The yield was significantly lower under mechanized direct-seeding than under mechanized transplanting and under artificial transplanting, which decreased by delaying sowing date or decreasing seedling number per hill. There were significant correlations between some traits of plant type and yield as well as its components. The notable characteristics of high-yield plant type in mechanized planting were proper plant height, length of top three leaves, LAI and culm angle. Meanwhile, the larger leaf width, specific leaf weight, leaf distance of top three leaves, erect leaves, adequate panicle number and large panicles were critical to high yield. Good plant type characteristics of individuality and optimal population structure are a prerequisite for increasing yield.Indica hybrid rice should be sowed earlier as the time allows with three seedlings per hill approximately in mechanized planting.
Keyword:Indica hybrid rice; Mechanized planting methods; Plant type; Yield; Panicle traits Show Figures Show Figures
表3 不同种植方式的叶形 Table 3 Leaf shape under different planting methods
处理 Treatment
叶长Leaf length (cm)
叶宽Leaf width (cm)
比叶重Specific leaf weight (mg cm-2)
剑叶 FL
倒二叶 L2
倒三叶 L3
剑叶 FL
倒二叶 L2
倒三叶 L3
剑叶 FL
倒二叶 L2
倒三叶 L3
2012, 主茎 Main stem
机直播MD
L
57.23 a
64.06 a
59.22 a
2.39 a
1.95 a
1.71 a
4.95 a
4.75 a
4.66 a
H
57.63 a
65.14 a
56.48 a
2.31 a
1.84 a
1.52 b
4.92 a
4.90 a
4.67 a
Mean
57.43 a
64.60 a
57.85 a
2.35 a
1.90 a
1.61 a
4.93 a
4.83 a
4.66 b
机插 MT
L
54.80 a
59.74 a
53.25 a
2.11 a
1.76 a
1.59 a
4.99 a
4.96 a
4.79 a
H
51.92 a
57.54 a
54.30 a
2.11 a
1.80 a
1.58 a
5.04 a
4.97 a
4.82 a
Mean
53.36 b
58.64 b
53.78 b
2.11 b
1.78 b
1.58 a
5.02 a
4.96 a
4.81 ab
手插 AT
L
47.43 a
53.25 a
49.65 a
1.99 a
1.72 a
1.54 a
4.99 a
5.05 a
5.10 a
H
50.24 a
51.78 a
48.32 a
1.99 a
1.67 a
1.54 a
5.10 a
5.01 a
4.79 a
Mean
48.84 c
52.51 c
48.99 c
1.99 c
1.69 b
1.54 a
5.05 a
5.03 a
4.95 a
F值 F-value
P
20.68**
63.40**
40.08**
27.02**
13.24**
2.69
0.09
0.49
3.27
S
0.01
0.97
1.56
0.46
1.32
5.78*
0.04
0.05
1.03
P×S
2.28
1.29
1.87
0.49
1.98
5.23*
0.03
0.11
1.42
2013, 主茎 Main stem
机直播MD
ES
46.74 a
59.87 a
50.66 b
2.10 a
1.75 b
1.51 b
4.66 a
5.02 a
4.90 a
LS
50.36 a
56.70 a
55.50 a
1.99 b
1.88 a
1.60 a
4.51 a
4.33 b
4.20 b
Mean
48.55 a
58.28 a
53.08 b
2.04 b
1.81 a
1.56 ab
4.59 a
4.68 b
4.55 b
机插MT
ES
50.49 a
53.93 a
51.84 b
2.10 b
1.73 b
1.54 b
4.77 a
5.05 a
4.83 a
LS
45.22 a
58.43 a
63.11 a
2.26 a
1.92 a
1.71 a
4.37 b
4.41 b
4.56 b
Mean
47.86 a
56.18 a
57.48 a
2.18 a
1.83 a
1.63 a
4.57 a
4.73 b
4.69 ab
手插 AT
ES
48.55 a
54.63 a
47.48 b
1.95 b
1.75 b
1.45 b
4.92 a
4.89 b
4.99 a
LS
53.48 a
63.26 a
51.58 a
2.21 a
1.88 a
1.58 a
4.66 b
5.01 a
4.64 b
Mean
51.01 a
58.94 a
49.53 b
2.08 ab
1.81 a
1.52 b
4.79 a
4.95 a
4.82 a
F值 F-value
P
0.85
0.82
13.12**
4.28
0.11
3.48
3.21
13.16**
3.95
D
0.28
3.27
28.16**
7.00*
28.07**
13.80**
11.81*
77.06**
32.41**
P×D
2.37
3.55
3.22
8.28*
0.53
0.42
0.85
32.77**
2.82
2013, 一次分蘖 Primary tiller
机直播MD
ES
42.44 a
57.62 a
48.75 b
2.06 a
1.76 a
1.51 a
4.40 a
4.43 a
4.33 a
LS
47.91 a
56.04 a
52.14 a
1.93 b
1.81 a
1.55 a
4.13 b
3.95 b
3.81 b
Mean
45.17 a
56.83 a
50.44 b
2.00 b
1.78 a
1.53 b
4.27 b
4.19 b
4.07 b
机插MT
ES
47.09 a
52.18 b
51.22 b
2.04 b
1.72 b
1.54 b
4.69 a
4.63 a
4.59 a
LS
43.98 a
57.58 a
62.15 a
2.27 a
1.95 a
1.72 a
3.97 b
4.14 b
4.23 b
Mean
45.54 a
54.88 a
56.68 a
2.16 a
1.83 a
1.63 a
4.33 b
4.39 ab
4.41 a
手插AT
ES
48.48 a
55.29 b
47.17 b
1.96 b
1.77 b
1.56 b
4.79 a
4.49 b
4.24 a
LS
46.88 a
59.81 a
52.74 a
2.10 a
1.85 a
1.62 a
4.30 b
4.56 a
4.29 a
Mean
47.68 a
57.55 a
49.95 b
2.03 b
1.81 a
1.59 ab
4.55 a
4.53 a
4.26 ab
F值 F-value
P
1.25
2.17
8.68*
14.42**
1.01
5.27*
7.49*
4.51
5.99*
D
0.03
6.57*
20.30**
9.32*
16.53**
13.79**
61.48**
10.59*
12.02*
P×D
3.59
4.10
2.31
18.14**
4.00
2.49
4.38
3.92
4.36
同列中标以不同小写字母的值达0.05显著水平。*,**分别表示方差分析在0.05和0.01水平上显著。P: 种植方式; S: 穴苗数; D: 播期; P×S: 种植方式与穴苗数的互作; P×D: 种植方式与播期的互作。其他缩写同表1。 Values within a colum followed by a different small letter are significantly different at P < 0.05.*,** denote significance in variance analysis at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. P: planting method; S: seedling number per hill; D: sowing date; P×S: interaction between planting method and seedling number per hill; P×D: interaction between planting method and sowing date treatment; FL: flag leaf; L2: the 2nd leaf; L3: the 3rd leaf. The leaf order was counted from the top. Other abbreviations are the same as given in Table 1.
表3 不同种植方式的叶形 Table 3 Leaf shape under different planting methods
表4 Table 4 表4(Table 4)
表4 不同种植方式的叶姿 Table 4 Leaf posture under different planting methods
处理 Treatment
株高 Plant height (cm)
剑叶着 生高度 Inserted height of FL (cm)
剑叶与倒二 叶间距 Distance between FL and L2
倒二叶与倒三 叶间距 Distance between L2 and L3
叶基角 Blade tangent angle (°)
披垂度 Drooping angle (°)
剑叶 FL
倒二叶 L2
倒三叶 L3
剑叶 FL
倒二叶 L2
倒三叶 L3
2012,主茎 Main stem
机直播MD
L
114.82 a
87.04 a
27.48 a
13.11 a
10.46 a
13.61 a
19.16 a
4.40 a
9.54 a
9.10 a
H
117.60 a
90.06 a
28.46 a
13.67 a
9.93 a
14.33 a
19.77 a
4.38 a
7.53 a
10.13 a
Mean
116.21 a
88.55 a
27.97 a
13.39 a
10.19 a
13.97 a
19.46 a
4.39 b
8.54 a
9.62 a
机插MT
L
114.97 a
87.18 a
29.19 a
12.31 a
6.83 a
15.00 a
20.78 a
6.81 a
8.03 a
6.25 a
H
111.65 a
85.84 a
28.66 a
11.86 a
6.33 a
14.61 a
18.89 a
7.78 a
7.44 a
8.44 a
Mean
113.31 ab
86.51 ab
28.92 a
12.08 b
6.58 b
14.81 a
19.83 a
7.29 a
7.74 a
7.35 ab
手插AT
L
113.33 a
86.22 a
27.80 a
14.29 a
7.19 a
14.38 a
21.07 a
7.14 a
5.90 a
6.88 a
H
110.03 a
82.77 a
27.73 a
14.02 a
5.53 a
16.03 a
21.67 a
6.44 a
5.97 a
6.03 a
Mean
111.68 b
84.49 b
27.77 a
14.15 a
6.36 b
15.20 a
21.34 a
6.79 a
5.94 a
6.45 b
F值 F-value
P
5.33*
5.38*
0.54
9.63*
9.04*
1.09
1.88
10.74*
3.45
5.86*
S
1.25
0.34
0.02
0.02
1.17
0.91
0.07
0.02
1.03
1.04
P×S
3.13
3.57
0.21
0.64
0.22
0.72
0.96
0.79
0.55
1.30
2013, 主茎 Main stem
机直播MD
ES
116.90 a
89.42 a
31.27 a
12.22 a
5.89 b
12.33 a
19.11 a
7.22 a
12.22 a
10.78 a
LS
114.56 b
85.64 a
30.88 a
12.32 a
6.56 a
13.33 a
16.56 a
6.22 b
15.67 a
13.11 a
Mean
115.73 a
87.53 a
31.07 a
12.27 b
6.22 a
12.83 a
17.83 a
6.72 b
13.94 a
11.94 a
机插MT
ES
112.97 b
86.73 a
29.72 a
15.74 a
7.11 a
14.67 a
19.33 a
10.44 a
14.89 a
13.67 a
LS
119.97 a
91.12 a
30.68 a
13.23 b
5.44 b
11.22 a
19.22 a
7. 67 b
17.44 a
11.89 a
Mean
116.47 a
88.93 a
30.20 a
14.49 a
6.28 a
12.94 a
19.28 a
9.06 a
16.17 a
12.78 a
手插AT
ES
107.02 b
82.87 a
30.17 a
12.58 a
4.00 b
14.83 a
18.67 a
9.83 a
15.33 a
9.17 a
LS
114.16 a
86.34 a
29.52 a
10.56 b
8.56 a
13.89 a
19.44 a
7.33 b
13.56 a
6.67 a
Mean
110.59 b
84.61 b
29.84 a
11.57 b
6.28 a
14.36 a
19.06 a
8.58 a
14.44 a
7.92 b
F值 F-value
P
17.30**
7.57*
1.01
13.66**
0.01
1.00
0.79
5.63*
1.89
13.76**
D
19.58**
2.17
0.00
9.66*
5.48*
1.33
0.39
12.15*
2.06
0.64
P×D
12.48**
7.78*
0.47
2.84
12.84**
1.72
0.97
0.85
2.71
3.46
一次分蘖 Primary tiller
机直播MD
ES
110.88 a
83.31 a
29.69 a
10.59 b
5.85 a
12.65 a
19.30 a
5.84 a
15.49 a
10.89 a
LS
106.30 b
78.09 a
27.76 a
12.16 a
5.44 a
12.95 a
16.53 b
6.10 a
13.61 a
10.97 a
Mean
108.59 ab
80.70 a
28.73 a
11.37 b
5.65 a
12.80 a
17.92 a
5.97 b
14.55 a
10.93 a
机插MT
ES
108.27 b
84.62 a
28.03 a
16.55 a
6.05 a
15.22 a
18.86 a
7.61 a
13.00 a
11.51 a
LS
115.96 a
85.81 a
27.32 a
11.95 b
6.20 a
12.87 a
17.43 a
5.28 a
10.63 a
13.44 a
Mean
112.12 a
85.21 a
27.67 a
14.25 a
6.13 a
14.04 a
18.14 a
6.45 b
11.82 a
12.47 a
手插AT
ES
103.40 b
79.63 a
27.71 a
14.19 a
4.55 a
16.64 a
21.36 a
9.28 a
16.00 a
11.05 a
LS
109.55 a
83.18 a
27.33 a
11.81 b
6.49 a
12.36 a
18.35 b
7.47 a
11.66 a
10.07 a
Mean
106.48 b
81.40 a
27.52 a
13.00 ab
5.52 a
14.50 a
19.86 a
8.37 a
13.83 a
10.56 a
F值 F-value
P
7.05*
3.36
0.42
6.67*
0.66
1.03
3.43
5.65*
0.87
2.38
D
6.23*
0.01
0.75
7.84*
1.53
4.45
13.18*
4.40
2.67
0.20
P×D
9.72*
2.94
0.16
7.84*
2.44
1.76
0.56
1.64
0.19
1.26
同列中标以不同小写字母的值达0.05显著水平。*,**分别表示方差分析在0.05和0.01水平上显著。缩写同表1和表3。 Values within a colum followed by a different small letter are significantly different at P<0.05.*,** denote significance in variance analysis at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. Abbreviations are the same as given in Table 1 and Table 3.
表4 不同种植方式的叶姿 Table 4 Leaf posture under different planting methods
表5 Table 5 表5(Table 5)
表5 不同种植方式的茎蘖夹角、叶面积指数和粒叶比(2013年) Table 5 Angle between main stem and tiller, LAI and ratio of grain to leaf area under different planting methods in 2013
处理 Treatment
单株穗数 Panicles per plant
茎蘖夹角 Angle between main stem and tiller (°)
总叶片数 Total leaf number
LAI
3rd LAI
2nd LAI
FLAI
高效叶 面积率 High LA rate (%)
粒叶比 Ratio of grain to leaf area (grain cm-2)
机直播MD
ES
5.64 a
16.80 a
14.97 a
8.16 b
1.54 b
2.11 a
1.85 a
67.41 a
0.48 b
LS
4.03 b
15.07 b
13.98 b
8.70 a
1.73 a
2.15 a
1.99 a
67.41 a
0.54 a
Mean
4.83 b
15.93 b
14.48 c
8.43 a
1.64 ab
2.13 a
1.92 a
67.41 a
0.51 a
机插MT
ES
6.14 a
19.18 a
15.82 a
7.93 b
1.57 b
1.80 a
1.94 a
66.96 a
0.57 a
LS
5.27 b
15.57 b
14.90 b
8.91 a
1.93 a
2.00 a
1.78 a
64.19 a
0.45 b
Mean
5.71 a
17.38 a
15.36 b
8.42 a
1.75 a
1.90 a
1.86 a
65.58 a
0.51 a
手插AT
ES
6.90 a
17.40 a
16.79 a
7.67 b
1.43 a
1.93 a
1.88 a
68.30 a
0.59 a
LS
5.70 b
16.70 b
15.62 b
8.57 a
1.57 a
2.07 a
1.87 a
64.28 a
0.42 b
Mean
6.30 a
17.05 ab
16.20 a
8.12 a
1.50 b
2.00 a
1.87 a
66.29 a
0.50 a
F值 F-value
P
13.77**
4.73
148.79**
0.60
4.58
2.60
0.14
0.90
0.05
D
28.67**
25.11**
155.84**
9.44*
11.34*
2.44
0.01
4.04
10.02*
P×D
0.89
4.53
0.81
0.27
1.00
0.37
0.95
1.11
7.51*
同列中标以不同小写字母的值达0.05显著水平。*,**分别表示方差分析在0.05和0.01水平上显著。缩写同表1和表3。 Values within a colum followed by a different small letter are significantly different at P<0.05.*,** denote significance in variance analysis at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. LAI: leaf area index; 3rd LAI: LAI of 3rd leaf; 2nd LAI: LAI of 2nd leaf; FLAI: LAI of flag leaf; LA: leaf area. Abbreviations are the same as given in Table 1 and Table 3.
表5 不同种植方式的茎蘖夹角、叶面积指数和粒叶比(2013年) Table 5 Angle between main stem and tiller, LAI and ratio of grain to leaf area under different planting methods in 2013
Table 7 Correlation coefficients between plant type indexes and panicle traits (2012-2013, n=128)
性状 Trait
穗长 Panicle length
穗颈长度 Panicle neck exertion
颈穗弯曲度 Curvature of neck-panicle
每穗粒数 No. of spikelets per panicle
着粒密度 Grain density
单穗重 Grain weight per panicle
FLL
0.343**
-0.167
0.177*
0.473**
0.397**
0.393**
SLL
0.065
0.288**
-0.108
0.109
0.091
0.205*
TLL
0.228**
0.373**
-0.085
0.208*
0.133
0.305**
FLW
-0.344**
0.344**
-0.226*
-0.336**
-0.223*
-0.227*
SLW
0.157
0.370**
-0.081
0.146
0.091
0.211*
TLW
0.526**
0.001
0.135
0.575**
0.402**
0.639**
FLBA
0.505**
-0.102
0.251**
0.544**
0.377**
0.596**
SLBA
-0.007
-0.352**
0.222*
0.133
0.172
0.060
TLBA
-0.536**
0.067
-0.213*
-0.494**
-0.312**
-0.500**
FLDA
-0.176*
-0.247**
0.249**
0.186*
0.320**
0.108
SLDA
-0.176*
0.110
0.072
0.015
0.122
-0.036
TLDA
-0.220*
0.062
0.068
-0.147
-0.045
-0.193*
TLH
-0.353**
0.258**
-0.244**
-0.418**
-0.309**
-0.372**
SLH
0.254**
0.141
0.057
0.444**
0.395**
0.535**
TLH
0.509**
-0.085
0.219*
0.624**
0.472**
0.673**
AMT
0.361**
-0.034
0.150
0.445**
0.410**
0.469**
PH
0.291**
0.424**
0.067
0.395**
0.320**
0.578**
*和**表示达0.05和0.01显著水平。FLL: 剑叶长度; SLL: 倒二叶长度; TLL: 倒三叶长度; FLW: 剑叶宽度; SLW: 倒二叶宽度; TLW: 倒三叶宽度; FLBA: 剑叶叶基角; SLBA: 倒二叶叶基角; TLBA: 倒三叶叶基角; FLDA: 剑叶披垂度; SLDA: 倒二叶披垂度; TLDA: 倒三叶披垂度; TLH: 剑叶着生高度; SLH: 倒二叶着生高度; TLH: 倒三叶着生高度; AMT: 茎蘖夹角; PH: 株高。* and**: significantly different at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. FLL: length of FL; SLL: length of L2; TLL: length of L3; FLW: width of FL; SLW: width of L2; TLW: width of L3; FLBA: blade tangent angle of FL; SLBA: blade tangent angle of L2; TLBA: blade tangent angle of L3; FLDA: drooping angle of FL; SLDA: drooping angle of L2; TLDA: drooping angle of L3; TLH: inserted height of FL; SLH: inserted height of L2; TLH: inserted height of L3; AMT: angle between main stem and tiller; PH: plant height. 3 讨论3.1 不同种植方式对株型结构的影响水稻株型结构与产量关系密切[ 10], 受遗传因子、栽培措施和生态条件的制约[ 14]。优良的株型结构是高产的骨架[ 15], 水稻的长势主要体现在群体叶片数量和质量上。上三叶生长发育与穗分化同步进行, 高效叶面积与穗部性状密切相关[ 16]。马均等[ 10]认为理想的重穗型杂交稻剑叶、倒二叶、倒三叶长度分别达到40~45 cm、50~55 cm、50~60 cm, 宽度分别为2.0~2.2 cm、1.6~1.8 cm、1.4~1.6 cm。本试验两年上三叶叶长表现不同, 2012年机直播>机插>手插, 2013年手插显著长于机直播和机插, 手插处理基本符合该范围, 推迟播期和降低穴苗数叶长显著增长; 两年分别表现为机直播和手插处理叶片宽大, 其原因可能是不同种植方式生育进程不同, 上三叶生长期的气象条件有明显差异, 2012年机直播和迟播处理这一时期降雨量均显著增加。比叶重高有利于扩大叶源量且直立性好[ 17], 袁隆平[ 9]认为上三叶应挺直、窄、凹、厚, 上三叶比叶重以机直播最低, 机插次之, 手插最高, 且随播期延迟均显著降低。理想株型着眼于塑造优良的受光姿态[ 18], 一般认为剑叶叶角小, 倒二、倒三叶叶角顺次增大的宝塔形叶层结构, 其光合利用率高。叶间距影响下层的通风受光条件, 株高增加, 着生高度也随之增加, 但叶间距表现不一, 机插处理倒二叶与倒三叶间距最大, 有助于基部叶片受光。适宜的LAI能提高叶片的光能利用率, 达到强源的作用, 本试验的机插和手插群体LAI略低于机直播, 但高效LAI差异不显著, 最终并未减产, 说明适中的LAI有利于改善田间通透条件。水稻穗部性状是水稻能否高产的重要表现, 马均等[ 10]认为重穗型品种理想的穗部性状为单穗重4.8 g以上, 每穗粒数180~240粒, 千粒重28~30 g。李红宇等[ 19]的研究表明, 东北高产品种穗型直立或半直立(颈穗弯曲度<60°), 收获指数>0.52。袁隆平[ 9]表8 表8
表8 株型指标与产量及其构成、叶面积指数和粒叶比的相关系数(2013, n=18) Table 8 Correlation coefficients of plant type indexes with yield, yield components, LAI and ratio of grain to leaf area (2013, n=18)
性状 Trait
产量 Yield
穗数 Panicles
每穗 粒数 NSP
结实率 Seed-setting rate
粒重 Grain weight
LAI
FLAI
2nd LAI
3rd LAI
粒叶比 Ratio of grain to leaf area
FLL
-0.353
-0.238
0.098
0.121
0.339
0.639**
-0.110
0.161
0.860**
-0.515*
SLL
-0.549*
0.095
-0.605**
0.083
0.321
0.505*
0.200
0.646**
0.218
-0.716**
TLL
-0.021
0.253
-0.162
-0.224
-0.611**
-0.139
0.699**
0.043
-0.385
0.288
FLW
-0.252
-0.320
0.087
0.089
0.363
0.544*
-0.342
0.049
0.698**
-0.539*
SLW
-0.505*
-0.054
-0.099
0.000
0.333
0.672**
-0.067
0.367
0.656**
-0.656**
TLW
-0.094
-0.368
-0.137
0.542*
0.576*
0.395
-0.144
0.055
0.479*
-0.663**
FLBA
-0.091
-0.224
-0.343
0.229
0.510*
0.040
-0.272
-0.099
-0.094
-0.400
SLBA
0.652**
-0.095
0.445
0.122
0.484*
-0.744**
-0.042
-0.626**
-0.634**
0.703**
TLBA
0.515*
0.069
-0.045
0.447
-0.106
-0.526*
0.041
-0.198
-0.670**
0.213
FLDA
0.511*
-0.019
0.196
0.120
-0.463
-0.475*
0.082
-0.394
-0.551*
0.372
SLDA
-0.283
0.487*
-0.091
-0.268
-0.064
0.466
0.418
0.442
0.278
-0.198
TLDA
-0.168
0.028
0.356
-0.123
-0.090
0.353
0.214
0.195
0.575*
0.008
TLH
-0.286
-0.392
0.001
0.202
0.494*
0.465
-0.311
-0.013
0.551*
-0.568*
SLH
-0.076
-0.481*
0.139
0.317
0.377
0.507*
-0.173
-0.044
0.597*
-0.528*
TLH
-0.210
-0.142
0.012
0.216
0.437
0.621**
0.053
0.387
0.576*
-0.530*
AMT
0.744**
-0.146
0.099
0.349
-0.101
-0.345
0.149
-0.386
-0.386
0.283
PH
-0.134
-0.336
-0.084
0.512*
0.651**
0.432
-0.129
0.102
0.532*
-0.501*
TL
0.747**
-0.274
0.098
0.121
0.339
-0.515*
-0.047
-0.432
-0.536*
-0.303
*和**表示达0.05 和0.01 显著水平。TL: 总叶片数。其他缩写同表4和表7。 * and**: significantly different at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. TL: total leaf number; NSP: No. of spikelets per panicle. Other abbreviations are the same as given in Table 4 and Table 7.
Table 7 Correlation coefficients between plant type indexes and panicle traits (2012-2013, n=128)
性状 Trait
穗长 Panicle length
穗颈长度 Panicle neck exertion
颈穗弯曲度 Curvature of neck-panicle
每穗粒数 No. of spikelets per panicle
着粒密度 Grain density
单穗重 Grain weight per panicle
FLL
0.343**
-0.167
0.177*
0.473**
0.397**
0.393**
SLL
0.065
0.288**
-0.108
0.109
0.091
0.205*
TLL
0.228**
0.373**
-0.085
0.208*
0.133
0.305**
FLW
-0.344**
0.344**
-0.226*
-0.336**
-0.223*
-0.227*
SLW
0.157
0.370**
-0.081
0.146
0.091
0.211*
TLW
0.526**
0.001
0.135
0.575**
0.402**
0.639**
FLBA
0.505**
-0.102
0.251**
0.544**
0.377**
0.596**
SLBA
-0.007
-0.352**
0.222*
0.133
0.172
0.060
TLBA
-0.536**
0.067
-0.213*
-0.494**
-0.312**
-0.500**
FLDA
-0.176*
-0.247**
0.249**
0.186*
0.320**
0.108
SLDA
-0.176*
0.110
0.072
0.015
0.122
-0.036
TLDA
-0.220*
0.062
0.068
-0.147
-0.045
-0.193*
TLH
-0.353**
0.258**
-0.244**
-0.418**
-0.309**
-0.372**
SLH
0.254**
0.141
0.057
0.444**
0.395**
0.535**
TLH
0.509**
-0.085
0.219*
0.624**
0.472**
0.673**
AMT
0.361**
-0.034
0.150
0.445**
0.410**
0.469**
PH
0.291**
0.424**
0.067
0.395**
0.320**
0.578**
表8 株型指标与产量及其构成、叶面积指数和粒叶比的相关系数(2013, n=18) Table 8 Correlation coefficients of plant type indexes with yield, yield components, LAI and ratio of grain to leaf area (2013, n=18)
性状 Trait
产量 Yield
穗数 Panicles
每穗 粒数 NSP
结实率 Seed-setting rate
粒重 Grain weight
LAI
FLAI
2nd LAI
3rd LAI
粒叶比 Ratio of grain to leaf area
FLL
-0.353
-0.238
0.098
0.121
0.339
0.639**
-0.110
0.161
0.860**
-0.515*
SLL
-0.549*
0.095
-0.605**
0.083
0.321
0.505*
0.200
0.646**
0.218
-0.716**
TLL
-0.021
0.253
-0.162
-0.224
-0.611**
-0.139
0.699**
0.043
-0.385
0.288
FLW
-0.252
-0.320
0.087
0.089
0.363
0.544*
-0.342
0.049
0.698**
-0.539*
SLW
-0.505*
-0.054
-0.099
0.000
0.333
0.672**
-0.067
0.367
0.656**
-0.656**
TLW
-0.094
-0.368
-0.137
0.542*
0.576*
0.395
-0.144
0.055
0.479*
-0.663**
FLBA
-0.091
-0.224
-0.343
0.229
0.510*
0.040
-0.272
-0.099
-0.094
-0.400
SLBA
0.652**
-0.095
0.445
0.122
0.484*
-0.744**
-0.042
-0.626**
-0.634**
0.703**
TLBA
0.515*
0.069
-0.045
0.447
-0.106
-0.526*
0.041
-0.198
-0.670**
0.213
FLDA
0.511*
-0.019
0.196
0.120
-0.463
-0.475*
0.082
-0.394
-0.551*
0.372
SLDA
-0.283
0.487*
-0.091
-0.268
-0.064
0.466
0.418
0.442
0.278
-0.198
TLDA
-0.168
0.028
0.356
-0.123
-0.090
0.353
0.214
0.195
0.575*
0.008
TLH
-0.286
-0.392
0.001
0.202
0.494*
0.465
-0.311
-0.013
0.551*
-0.568*
SLH
-0.076
-0.481*
0.139
0.317
0.377
0.507*
-0.173
-0.044
0.597*
-0.528*
TLH
-0.210
-0.142
0.012
0.216
0.437
0.621**
0.053
0.387
0.576*
-0.530*
AMT
0.744**
-0.146
0.099
0.349
-0.101
-0.345
0.149
-0.386
-0.386
0.283
PH
-0.134
-0.336
-0.084
0.512*
0.651**
0.432
-0.129
0.102
0.532*
-0.501*
TL
0.747**
-0.274
0.098
0.121
0.339
-0.515*
-0.047
-0.432
-0.536*
-0.303
*和**表示达0.05 和0.01 显著水平。TL: 总叶片数。其他缩写同表4和表7。 * and**: significantly different at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. TL: total leaf number; NSP: No. of spikelets per panicle. Other abbreviations are the same as given in Table 4 and Table 7.
Table 7 Correlation coefficients between plant type indexes and panicle traits (2012-2013, n=128)
*和**表示达0.05和0.01显著水平。FLL: 剑叶长度; SLL: 倒二叶长度; TLL: 倒三叶长度; FLW: 剑叶宽度; SLW: 倒二叶宽度; TLW: 倒三叶宽度; FLBA: 剑叶叶基角; SLBA: 倒二叶叶基角; TLBA: 倒三叶叶基角; FLDA: 剑叶披垂度; SLDA: 倒二叶披垂度; TLDA: 倒三叶披垂度; TLH: 剑叶着生高度; SLH: 倒二叶着生高度; TLH: 倒三叶着生高度; AMT: 茎蘖夹角; PH: 株高。 * and**: significantly different at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability levels, respectively. FLL: length of FL; SLL: length of L2; TLL: length of L3; FLW: width of FL; SLW: width of L2; TLW: width of L3; FLBA: blade tangent angle of FL; SLBA: blade tangent angle of L2; TLBA: blade tangent angle of L3; FLDA: drooping angle of FL; SLDA: drooping angle of L2; TLDA: drooping angle of L3; TLH: inserted height of FL; SLH: inserted height of L2; TLH: inserted height of L3; AMT: angle between main stem and tiller; PH: plant height.
株型指标与产量及其构成、叶面积指数和粒叶比的相关系数(2013, n=18) Table 8 Correlation coefficients of plant type indexes with yield, yield components, LAI and ratio of grain to leaf area (2013, n=18)
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, 任万军
表1 试验设计和秧苗素质 Table 1 Experimental design and seedling quality
