doi:10.12202/j.0476-0301.2021010陈铭^1,,
王雨春³,
欧阳威^{1, 2,,},
王依滴¹
1.北京师范大学环境学院，100875，北京
2.北京师范大学环境与生态前沿交叉研究院，519087，广东珠海
3.中国水利水电科学研究院水生态环境研究所，流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室，100038，北京
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1706217）

详细信息

通讯作者:欧阳威（1980—），男，博士，教授. 研究方向：流域非点源污染模拟与控制. E-mail：wei@bnu.edu.cn

中图分类号:X52

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出版历程

收稿日期:2021-01-13
网络出版日期:2021-05-31
刊出日期:2021-09-02

Suspended sediments in the Yellow River impact phosphorus transportation

Ming CHEN^1,,
Yuchun WANG³,
Wei OUYANG^{1, 2,,},
Yidi WANG¹
1. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
2. Advanced interdisciplinary Institute of Environment and Ecology, Beijing Normal University, 519087, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, 100038, Beijing, China



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摘要:磷是我国河流主要污染物质之一，泥沙含量对磷的迁移过程具有重要影响，但针对磷在沉积物-水界面的迁移机制理解尚不完全．黄河作为典型的高含沙量和高磷负荷河流，对于磷在河流介质的迁移过程具有重要研究意义．在2019 年10 月份选取黄河沿程18 个水样采集点位和2 个沉积柱采集点位，对水样含沙量、总磷含量（TP）和沉积物样磷形态含量（Ca-P、Fe/Al-P、OP）进行测量，结合2000—2019 年黄河主要水文站实测输沙量、含沙量、泥沙粒径数据进行分析．从时空尺度上，尽管中游河段输沙量近20 年呈显著下降趋势，但下游输沙量仍保持稳定，下游前段水体含沙量呈上升趋势．将水体含沙量与TP 含量进行协同分析，下游河段水体含沙量同TP 含量呈相反变化规律．对泥沙粒径进行分析，冲刷作用导致较大粒径沉积物再悬浮，这一过程对磷的迁移具有重要影响．对沉积物磷形态进行分析，IP 为黄河流域沉积物磷主要赋存形态，Ca-P 是IP 的主要赋存形态．研究认为，当流速慢时，水体泥沙含量低，沉积物再悬浮作用弱，Fe/Al-P 在沉积物-水界面迁移. 当流速快时，水体泥沙含量高，沉积物再悬浮作用强，下游地区沉积物和悬浮颗粒物成为磷汇．
关键词:黄河干流/
水体含沙量/
水沙关系/
磷形态
Abstract:Phosphorus (P) is a major pollutant in Chinese rivers．Sediments affects the migration process of P at sediment-water interface, but the mechanism is not entirely clear．In the present work, 18 water samples and 2 sediment core samples were taken in October 2019 along the Yellow River, a river with typically high sediment and phosphorus loads, which has important research significance for the migration process of phosphorus in river．Total phosphorus (TP) and sediment contents in water, and phosphorus contents in different forms in sediment were measured．These data were correlated with hydrological data (sediment transport, sand content, suspended sediment particle size) from 2000-2019．Sediment-transport in the middle-reaches of the river showed significant downward trend in the past 20 years, but remained stable downstream．Sediment content front downstream showed upward trend．In synergistic analysis, sediment content and TP in the lower reaches showed opposite change patterns．Resuspension of largerdiameter sediments due to scouring was found to have significant effect on the migration of phosphorus．IP was found to be the most prominent, with Ca-P being the main form of IP．Fe/Al-P migrated at the sediment-water interface when flow velocity was slow．Besides, sediment load was low and resuspension of sediment was weak．When at a high flow rate, the water body has a high sediment content and the resuspension of the sediment was strong．Downstream sediment and suspended particles become a phosphorus sink．
Key words:main stream of the Yellow River/
sediment content in water/
water-sand relationship/
phosphorus form