The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells through somatic cell reprogramming requires a global reorganization of cellular functions. This reorganization occurs in a multi-phased manner and involves a gradual revision of both the epigenome and transcriptome. Recent studies have shown that the large-scale transcriptional changes observed during reprogramming also apply to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a type of traditionally neglected RNA species that are increasingly viewed as critical regulators of cellular function. Deeper understanding of lncRNAs in reprogramming may not only help to improve this process but also have implications for studying cell plasticity in other contexts, such as development, aging, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the current progress made in profiling and analyzing the role of lncRNAs in various phases of somatic cell reprogramming, with emphasis on the re-establishment of the pluripotency gene network and X chromosome reactivation.
体细胞重编程是体细胞转变为诱导多能干细胞的过程。在这个过程中，细胞的功能发生了巨大的变化并伴随着表观遗传组和转录组的逐步重构。最近的研究表明，一种被长期忽视的非编码RNA类型—长链非编码RNA （long non-coding RNA, lncRNA），在重编程过程中经历了转录水平的大范围变化。近来研究还揭示，长链非编码RNA是细胞功能的重要调控因子。因此，深入地理解长链非编码RNA在重编程中的功能和调控作用不仅有助于我们提高重编程效率和质量，而且对在其他系统（如发育，衰老和癌症）中的细胞可塑性研究也有一定的启示作用。本综述总结了已经报道的非编码RNA在体细胞重编程不同阶段中的功能方面取得的重要进展，同时还重点阐述了重编程过程中的多能性基因网络重建和X染色体的重新激活。





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