许 寅 ,王佳璇 ,吴翔宇 ,王思家 ,陈 刚
AuthorsHTML:许 寅 ¹ ，王佳璇 ¹ ，吴翔宇 ¹ ，王思家 ¹ ，陈 刚 ²
AuthorsListE:Xu Yin ,Wang Jiaxuan ,Wu Xiangyu,Wang Sijia ,Chen Gang
AuthorsHTMLE:Xu Yin ¹，Wang Jiaxuan ¹，Wu Xiangyu ¹，Wang Sijia ¹，Chen Gang ²
Unit:1. 北京交通大学电气工程学院，北京 100044；
2. 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院，成都 610041

Unit_EngLish:1. School of Electrical Engineering，Beijing Jiaotong University，Beijing 100044，China；
2. State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute，Chengdu 610041，China

Abstract_Chinese:针对水电高占比的水光互补系统中存在的振荡频率低于 0.1 Hz 的超低频振荡问题，提出了两种振荡抑制控 制策略．首先，对由水轮机和调速器构成的开环系统进行了阻尼转矩分析，得出水轮机和调速器的负阻尼效应是造 成超低频振荡的主要原因．其次，为了补偿负阻尼效应造成的相位滞后，提出水电机组调速器串联校正控制方法， 并通过阻尼转矩分析证明串联校正可以有效改善超低频段的阻尼特性；构建了串联校正控制参数优化整定模型，利 用粒子群优化算法求解控制参数．然后，利用光伏有功功率对系统频率的调节能力，提出了光伏有功附加控制器， 并通过理论分析证明了光伏附加控制可以提升系统阻尼；考虑到光伏出力的间歇性和波动性，进一步设计了自适应 调节系数以适应光伏特性．最后，通过基于 PSCAD/EMTDC 平台构建的四川省某地区水光互补系统仿真模型对控 制方法进行了测试：在水电机组中加入串联校正环节，对系统频率进行对比分析，验证了串联校正控制对超低频振 荡的抑制效果；在光伏中加入有功附加控制器，对比分析了光伏预留不同比例出力的情况下对超低频振荡的抑制效 果，预留比例越大时抑制效果越好，但需要兼顾光伏发电的经济性以充分利用光伏容量．仿真结果表明，本文所提 的两种控制方法对超低频振荡均有较好的抑制效果．
Abstract_English:To solve the ultra-low frequency oscillation problem(less than 0.1 Hz)in hydro-PV complementary systems with a high proportion of hydropower，two oscillation suppression strategies are proposed. First，a damping torque analysis was conducted for the open-loop model of the turbine and governor，where it was concluded that the negative damping effect of the turbine and governor is the leading cause of ultra-low frequency oscillation. Second，to compensate for the negative-damping induced lagging，a series correction control method for the governor of the hydropower units is proposed. The damping torque analysis proved that series correction could improve the damping characteristics of the ultra-low frequency band. A series-correction optimal control parameter tuning model was developed by employing particle swarm optimization for finding the control parameters. Next，based on the ability of active photovoltaic power to regulate the system frequency，an additional photovoltaic active power controller is proposed. The motion equation and damping torque analysis of the generator showed that the additional photovoltaic control could increase the damping of the system frequency oscillation. Owing to the fluctuation of photovoltaic outputs， the local adaptive adjustment coefficient was designed to adapt to the fluctuation characteristics of the photovoltaic.
Keyword_Chinese:水光互补；振荡抑制；阻尼转矩分析；超低频振荡；水锤效应
Keywords_English:hydro-PV complementary；oscillation suppression；damping torque analysis；ultra-low frequency oscillation；water hammer effect

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