岳世栋^1,2,3,4,5,6, 徐少春^1,2,3,4,5,6, 张玉^1,2,3,4,5,6, 乔永亮⁷, 刘明杰^1,2,3,4,5,6, 张晓梅^1,2,3,4,5,6, 王清⁸, 周毅^1,2,3,4,5,6
1.中国科学院海洋研究所 中国科学院海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室 海洋生态与环境科学功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266237;3.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院海洋牧场工程实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;5.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;6.山东省实验海洋生物学重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;7.青岛科技大学 环境与安全工程学院, 山东 青岛 266042;8.中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东 烟台 264003

摘要:
海草床是珍贵的“海底草原”，具有十分重要的生态服务功能。20世纪90年代，烟台曾分布有4种海草，尚不明确海草的分布现状。本研究结合了现场调查、声呐探测等手段，查清了烟台市莱州市至莱山区沿海海草的分布现状，发现了一处位于烟台市套子湾的面积为51.90 ha的鳗草-日本鳗草混合草床，并对鳗草、日本鳗草的生态特征进行了调查。调查发现烟台现存海草仅有2种，部分草床严重退化，亟需对现存海草进行保护与监测，以遏制海草的退化速度。
关键词:鳗草日本鳗草套子湾声呐海草床
DOI：10.11759/hykx20201118003
分类号:Q178.53
基金项目:国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项（2019YFD0901301）；国家科技基础性工作专项（2015FY110600）；中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目（QYZDB-SSW-DQC041-1）

New discovery of larger seagrass beds with area >50 ha in the temperate waters of China: Ⅳ Distribution status and ecological characteristics of seagrass in the coastal waters of Yantai
YUE Shi-dong^1,2,3,4,5,6, XU Shao-chun^1,2,3,4,5,6, ZHANG Yu^1,2,3,4,5,6, QIAO Yong-liang⁷, LIU Ming-jie^1,2,3,4,5,6, ZHANG Xiao-mei^1,2,3,4,5,6, WANG Qing⁸, ZHOU Yi^1,2,3,4,5,6
1.CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China;3.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;4.CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;5.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;6.Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China;7.College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China;8.Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
Abstract:
Seagrass beds are regarded as precious submarine grasslands with important ecological service functions. In the 1990s, four species of seagrass were discovered in the coastal waters of Yantai. However, the current distribution of seagrass is unclear. In this study, we investigated the distribution of seagrass along the coastal waters from Laizhou to Laishan in Yantai through field surveys and sonar detection. A mixed seagrass bed (i.e., Zostera marina and Zostera japonica), with a seagrass area of 51.90 ha, was discovered in Taozi Bay, and the ecological characteristics of seagrass were investigated. Results showed that seagrass beds were seriously degraded, and only two species of seagrass were distributed in the current coastal waters of Yantai. Thus, the existing seagrass needs to be protected and monitored to curb its degradation rate.
Key words:Zostera marinaZostera japonicaTaozi Baysonarseagrass bed





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