张守都¹, 邹杰², 丛文虎³, 李娟⁴, 姜勇¹, 徐科凤¹, 李莉⁵
1.青岛国家海洋科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266072;2.广西海洋研究所, 广西 北海 536000;3.威海海洋职业学院, 山东 威海 264300;4.自然资源部北海环境监测中心, 山东 青岛 266033;5.中国科学院海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266071

摘要:
基于2×2交叉实验设计，通过杂交和6-DMAP等诱导处理，构建了二倍体自交组、二倍体杂交组、三倍体诱导自交组和三倍体诱导杂交组等四个实验组家系，探讨了海湾扇贝（Argopecten irradians）幼虫期生长及存活的杂种优势和6-DMAP诱导处理效应的复合作用。分别计算各家系的孵化率，测定了各家系幼虫期第1、5、10天幼虫个体的壳长以及第5天和第10天各家系幼虫的存活率。利用一般线性模型（general linear model（GLM））计算表型变量的原因方差组分，评估了杂交和6-DMAP处理对扇贝幼虫生长和存活的影响。结果显示：6-DMAP处理组孵化率要显著低于非处理实验组（P<0.05）。三倍体诱导自交组第5天幼虫存活率显著低于其他组（P<0.05），到第10天三倍体自交组全部死亡。三倍体诱导杂交组第10天存活率低于二倍体组但不显著（P>0.05）。在第1天幼虫生长中，三倍体诱导杂交组幼虫壳长显著小于其他组（P<0.05），第5天幼虫生长中，三倍体诱导杂交组壳长则显著大于其他组，而三倍体诱导自交组则显著小于其他组（P<0.05）。在第10天幼虫生长中，二倍体自交组显著小于二倍体杂交组和三倍体诱导杂交组组（P<0.05）。上述结果显示扇贝幼虫生长期的杂种优势和三倍体诱导效应间存在一定相互作用。
关键词:海湾扇贝杂种优势三倍体诱导
DOI：10.11759/hykx20180914001
分类号:S917.3
基金项目:国家贝类产业技术体系项目（CARS-47）

Interaction effects of heterosis and triploid inductionon the larval growth and survival of Argopecten irradians
ZHANG Shou-du¹, ZOU Jie², CONG Wen-hu³, LI Juan⁴, JIANG Yong¹, XU Ke-feng¹, LI Li⁵
1.National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao, Qingdao 266072, China;2.Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Beihai 536000, China;3.Weihai Ocean Vocational College, Weihai 264300, China;4.North China Sea Environment monitoring Center, MNR, Qingdao 266033, China;5.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Abstract:
This study investigated the interaction effects of heterosis and triploid induction on the larval growth and survival of Argopecten irradians by rearing four distinctly genotypic larvae, including one diploid purebred group, one diploid hybrid group, one triploid induction purebred group, and one triploid induction hybrid group, which were generated from a 2×2 cross designed by different mating types and ploidy levels. Hatching rates for these groups were examined 24 h after fertilization. The larval growth and survival for every group were examined on the 1st, 5th, 10th day and the 5th and 10th day, respectively. The causal components of phenotypic variance were calculated by the general linear model (GLM) procedure using the SPSS19.0 software. The results showed that the hatching rate of the groups treated with6-DMAP was significantly lower than that of the untreated groups (P<0.05). On the 1st day, the growth of the triploid induction hybrid group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). On the 5th day, the survival rate of the triploid induction purebred group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05).The growth of the triploid induction hybrid group was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05), whereas that of the triploid induction purebred group was significantly lower than the other groups (P<0.05). On the 10th day, the survival rate of the triploid induction hybrid group was lower than that of the diploid groups but not significant (P>0.05), whereas the individuals in the triploid purebred group did not survive, and the growth of the diploid purebred group was significantly lower than that of the remaining groups (P<0.05). Analysis of variance revealed a significant interaction between larval growth heterosis and triploid induction effect (P<0.05).
Key words:Argopecten irradiansheterosistriploid induction





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