刘琳^1,2,3,4, 王珍岩^1,2,3,5
1.中国科学院海洋研究所, 山东 青岛 266071;2.中国科学院海洋地质与环境重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;3.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室, 山东 青岛 266071;4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;5.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071

摘要:
依据2015年GOCI （geostationary ocean color imager）卫星影像反演的悬浮体浓度数据，分析了山东半岛沿岸海域表层悬浮体质量浓度和锋面月变化特征，揭示该海域悬浮体的分布特征和扩散格局，并结合风速、波高以及海表温度数据，对其控制因素进行初步探讨。结果显示：研究区内悬浮体质量浓度整体表现为冬季最高，春秋次之，夏季最低的分布特征；悬浮体扩散过程可以划分为4个阶段，冬季稳定外输，春季向岸退缩，夏季近岸贮存，秋季向外扩散。此外，山东半岛近岸存在一条悬浮体质量浓度高于10 mg/L的浑浊带，该浑浊带同样表现出季节变化，它在秋季开始形成，其悬浮体含量、幅宽及延伸范围在冬季达到最大，春季减弱，夏季消失。研究认为山东半岛沿岸海域的表层悬浮体来源主要是海底沉积物的再悬浮。风场、海浪以及沿岸流的强弱变化对悬浮体分布和输运的季节变化有重要的控制作用：风场和海浪影响海水混合搅拌强度，改变海底沉积物再悬浮作用的临界深度，进而影响表层海水悬浮体浓度，致使悬浮体浓度与风浪的月际变化趋势基本一致；沿岸流携带高浓度悬浮体沿山东半岛输运形成沿岸浑浊带，沿岸流的强度变化直接控制浑浊带的季节变化。
关键词:山东半岛沿岸海域|GOCI (geostationary ocean color imager)卫星影像|悬浮体质量浓度|风浪|沿岸流
DOI：10.11759/hykx20190312004
分类号:P736.21
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（41476045）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（A类）（XDA9060401）；科技部基础资源调查专项（2017FY100802）

Temporal and spatial distributions and formation mechanism of suspended sediment in the coastal area of the Shandong Peninsula
LIU Lin^1,2,3,4, WANG Zhen-yan^1,2,3,5
1.Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Qingdao 266071, China;3.Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266071, China;4.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;5.Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Abstract:
The coastal waters of the Shandong Peninsula are necessary for the transport of sediments from the Yellow River to the Yellow Sea. It is an important area for the study of the source-sink process in the East China Sea shelf. On the basis of the total suspended sediment (TSS) data of the geostationary ocean color imager satellite in 2015, the monthly variation characteristics of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and suspended sediment front near the Shandong Peninsula were analyzed, and the formation mechanism was preliminarily discussed using wind speed, wave height, and sea surface temperature data. Results show that the concentration of TSS is highest in winter, followed by spring and autumn, and lowest in summer. The diffusion of TSS can be divided into four stages, namely, stable outward transport stage in winter, retreat-to-shore stage in spring, near-shore storage stage in summer, and diffusion stage in autumn. A turbid water body with high SSC is observed along the shallow coastal area of the Shandong Peninsula. The turbid zone also shows seasonal variation, that is, it begins to form in autumn, and the SSC, width, and extension length of the turbid zone reach the maximum in winter, weaken in spring, and disappear in summer. The variations of the intensities of wind speed, wave, and coastal current have an important control effect on the seasonal variation of SSC. The monthly variation of the wind and waves is synchronized with the monthly variation of the SSC. The wind and waves change the critical depth of resuspension of seabed sediments by influencing the intensity of mixing and stirring of seawater, which provides the material source of TSS for surface seawater. The turbid zone is formed by the transport of high SSC along the coastal current of the Shandong Peninsula. Thus, the seasonal variation of the turbid zone is the same as the flow path and intensity variation trend of the coastal current.
Key words:coastal waters of the Shandong Peninsulageostationary ocean color imager (GOCI) satellitesuspension concentrationwind and wavescoastal current





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