信业宏^1,2, 商晓梅^1,2, 孙军^1,2
1.天津科技大学 天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室, 天津 300457;2.天津科技大学 印度洋生态系统研究中心, 天津 300457

摘要:
硅藻是一种在全世界水环境中都有发现的单细胞真核藻类，其特有的硅质壁使其成为海洋生物硅的最大贡献者，它们在全球碳/硅元素的生物地球化学循环中扮演至关重要的角色。亲硅蛋白（silaffins）是一种分离于硅藻硅质壁，并与其硅质化密切相关的蛋白。亲硅蛋白可以在体外硅酸溶液中沉淀二氧化硅（SiO₂），这种活性来自其特有的蛋白序列和翻译后修饰调节。基于对亲硅蛋白结构的理解，多种与其相似的仿生多肽被应用到人工SiO₂的合成中。本文综述了硅藻亲硅蛋白的分离鉴定、功能以及其在生物技术和生物医药方面的应用，为亲硅蛋白基础研究和应用潜力提供基础。
关键词:亲硅蛋白蛋白分离翻译后修饰仿生SiO₂
DOI：10.11759/hykx20181224002
分类号:Q71
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41876134，41676112，41276124）；天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划（TD12-5003）；天津市131创新团队（20180314）；教育部****奖励计划

State of the art of the diatom silica-forming protein silaffins
XIN Ye-hong^1,2, SHANG Xiao-mei^1,2, SUN Jun^1,2
1.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China;2.Research Centre for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Abstract:
Diatoms are single-celled eukaryotic microalga and can be found in all aquatic environments around the world. Their unique siliceous cell wall makes them the largest contributor to marine biogenic silica. Diatoms play a vital role in the global biogeochemical cycles such as the carbon cycle and the silicon cycle. Silaffins are proteins that are closely related to the silicification of diatom cell walls. Silaffins can precipitate silica from silicic acid solution in vitro. This type of activity is derived from its unique protein sequence and posttranslational modification. Based on the knowledge of the structure of silaffins, a variety of biomimetic polypeptides similar to silaffins have been applied in the synthesis of artificial SiO₂. This paper reviews the isolation, identification, function, and the biotechnological and biomedical applications of silaffins. This review article is intended to contribute to the basic research and practical application of silaffins.
Key words:silaffinsseparation of proteinsposttranslational modificationBiomimetic Silica





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