摘要/Abstract

摘要： 脑肿瘤是儿童肿瘤中最常见的实体肿瘤，也是儿童肿瘤致死的首要原因。常规磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）在儿童脑肿瘤的诊断、治疗管理及预后评估等方面存在一定的不足。正电子发射断层显像（positron emission tomography，PET）是反映肿瘤生物学特征的成像技术，利用特定放射性药物的生物学分布特征，可以提供肿瘤的不同功能代谢信息，与常规MRI的形态学信息进行互补。氨基酸PET显像利用放射性核素标记的各种氨基酸在人体内的代谢情况，进行肿瘤的功能显像。氨基酸PET显像在儿童脑肿瘤的诊断与分级、活检计划制订、预后评估、复发监测与疗效评估等方面具有重要的作用。该文就近年来氨基酸PET/CT与PET/MRI在胶质瘤、神经上皮肿瘤等儿童脑肿瘤中的临床应用进行综述。
关键词: 儿童, 脑肿瘤, 正电子发射断层显像/计算机断层扫描（PET/CT）, 正电子发射断层显像/磁共振成像（PET/MRI）, L-甲基-¹¹C-甲硫氨酸（¹¹C-MET）, ¹⁸F-乙基酪氨酸（¹⁸F-FET）, ¹⁸F-二羟基苯丙氨酸（¹⁸F-DOPA）
Abstract:
Brain tumor is the most common solid tumor in pediatric tumors with the highest rate of mortality. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicates some limitations in diagnosis, surgical management and prognosis for pediatric brain tumors. Positron-emission tomography (PET) is an imaging technology that reflects the biological characteristics of tumors. By using the biological distribution of specific radiopharmaceuticals, PET can provide different metabolic information of the tumor and complement the morphological information of conventional MRI. Amino acid PET imaging uses the metabolism of radiolabeled amino acids in human to perform functional imaging of tumors. The benefits of amino acid PET imaging include diagnosis and grading, biopsy planning, prognosis, recurrence monitoring, and efficacy evaluation. This paper reviews the application of amino acid PET/CT and PET/MRI to pediatric brain tumors.
Key words: pediatric, brain tumor, positron emission tomography/computer tomo-graphy (PET/CT), positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI), L-[methyl-¹¹C]methionine (¹¹C-MET), O-(2-[¹⁸F] fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (¹⁸F-FET), ¹⁸F-fluoro-L-dihydroxy-phenylalanine(¹⁸F-DOPA)


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