摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全氟化合物（perfluorinated compounds，PFAS）是一类近年来受到广泛关注的新型持久性有机污染物。随着欧美国家对其限制的法律法规增多，PFAS的生产逐渐向中国转移，其使用量逐年增加，但中国尚无严格的限制措施。此外，欧美国家不断下调PFAS的安全限值，基于更新后的安全限值在中国人群中开展的研究已逐步提示其存在健康风险。该文综述了国际上现有的PFAS安全限值，并根据不同暴露来源（膳食、乳汁、饮水、灰尘、大气、胎盘转移来源及各综合来源）介绍中国人群PFAS暴露健康风险评估研究进展。现有研究主要关注中国PFAS高污染地区人群和婴幼儿敏感人群PFAS暴露的健康风险，而普通人群PFAS暴露的健康风险仍有待于进一步评估。相关工作的开展有助于推动相关政府部门尽早制定符合中国国情的PFAS管控标准和安全限值。此外，未来的健康风险评估研究更应关注各综合来源的PFAS所致的人群健康风险和PFAS替代品的健康危害。
关键词: 全氟化合物, 暴露来源, 健康风险评估, 中国人群, 安全限值
Abstract:
Perfluorinated compounds (PFAS) are a new class of persistent organic pollutants that have attracted wide attention in recent years. With the increasing restrictions on PFAS in Europe and the United States, the production of PFAS is gradually transferring to China. The amount of PFAS used in China is increasing year by year, but there are no strict restrictions on the use of them. Furthermore, the safety limits are heading down in Europe and the United States. Based on the updated safety limits, studies in Chinese population have gradually indicated the potential risk of PFAS. This review summarizes the updated international safety limits, and introduces the research progress in health risk assessment of PFAS exposure in Chinese population according to different sources of exposure (diet, milk, drinking water, dust, atmosphere, placental transfer and comprehensive sources). The existing studies mainly focus on the health risk of PFAS exposure in high PFAS-polluted areas and in sensitive infant population in China, while the health risk of PFAS exposure in general population still needs to be further evaluated. It is necessary to carry out relevant work, which can provide reference for relevant government departments to formulate PFAS control standards and safety limits in line with China's national conditions as soon as possible. In addition, the future assessment research should pay more attention to complex evaluation of various sources of PFAS and the health hazards of PFAS alternatives.
Key words: perfluorinated compounds (PFAS), exposure source, health risk assessment, Chinese population, safety limit


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