摘要/Abstract

摘要： 20世纪干细胞的研究为临床细胞治疗打开了神奇的大门，但从20世纪下叶至今，始终只有血液疾病的干细胞治疗获得了推广，其他领域的干细胞治疗始终处于缓慢发展的阶段。其中一个重要原因，是干细胞的临床应用往往需要进行体外扩增。但扩增培养的过程长、易污染、成本高，理化因素影响大，在一定程度上增加了治疗前后的风险。如使用胚胎干细胞，其获取、培养扩增时动物血清的使用和干细胞体外扩增后可能出现的非二倍体不稳定细胞，也使其受到伦理学的限制。由此，离心技术、免疫磁珠技术、干细胞筛选-富集-复合循环系统等非扩增性干细胞治疗技术逐步受到重视，形成了系统理念，并不断发展。上述技术无需体外培养，即可获取足够治疗剂量的干细胞，直接用于移植治疗。这种技术在临床应用和推广中已逐步展现出良好的应用前景。
关键词: 干细胞, 非扩增技术, 细胞治疗
Abstract:
Stem cell research starting in the 20th century has opened a magical door for clinical cell therapy. However, stem cell therapy has been only promoted in blood diseases up to now, while in other clinical fields, it still remains in the stage of slow development. One of the important restrictions is that the clinical application of stem cells usually need in vitro expansion, resulting in consequences such as the longtime-culture process, tendency to contaminate, high cost, and physical and chemical impact factors, and these could in a certain extent increase the risk both in pre- and post-treatment. As for the use of embryonic stem cells, it could be questioned by ethics for the harvest, the use of animal serum, and the non-diploid unstable cells that may appear after stem cell expansion in vitro. Then, some non-expansion technologies, such as the centrifugation technology, immunomagnetic beads technology, and stem cell screen-enrich-combine（-biomaterials） circulating system, have gradually been paid more attentions, and formed the new concept that are continuously developed. By these techniques, efficient therapeutic doses of stem cells could be obtained without culture in vitro, and the stem cells could be transplanted directly. These technologies have gradually shown good prospects in clinical application and promotion.
Key words: stem cell, non-expansion technology, cell therapy


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