摘要/Abstract
摘要： 目的 · 了解重庆市儿童、青少年静态生活方式现状，并探讨其影响因素。方法 · 采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法抽取重庆市 6 ～ 18 岁儿童及青少年9 596 名及其家长进行问卷调查。组间差异比较采用Mann-Whitney U 检验和Kruskal-Wallis H 秩和检验，同 时采用二元 Logistic 回归方法分析书面作业时间 >2 h/d 和屏前娱乐时间 >2 h/d 的影响因素。结果 · 重庆市儿童、青少年上学日静态 行为时间平均值为 2.82 h/d，静态行为总时间 >2 h/d 的报告率为 74.1%，男生（2.88 h/d，75.3%）高于女生（2.75 h/d，72.7%），差异 有统计学意义（χ2=8.333，P=0.000）。 Logistic 回归分析显示，学段为初中和高中是学生书面作业时间 >2 h/d 和屏前娱乐时间 >2 h/d 的共同危险因素，教学活动从不占用课外体育活动时间是其共同保护因素。此外，女生（OR=1.187，95% CI：1.048 ～ 1.299）、家 长静态行为时间>2 h/d（OR=1.529，95% CI：1.303 ～ 1.794）是学生书面作业时间>2 h/d 的危险因素；非独生子女（OR=1.194， 95% CI：1.066 ～ 1.320）、家长不限制屏前娱乐时间（OR=1.193，95% CI：1.062 ～ 1.388）和家庭装有电视机（OR=1.330，95% CI： 1.147 ～ 1.472）是学生屏前娱乐时间 >2 h/d 的危险因素。结论 · 重庆市儿童及青少年静态生活方式现状不容乐观，学校对体育锻炼的 重视和家庭屏前环境建设是其主要可改变的影响因素。
关键词: 静态生活方式, 屏前娱乐时间, 儿童, 青少年, 家庭环境
Abstract:
Objective · To describe the current status and explore the associated factors of sedentary behaviors among children and adolescents residing in Chongqing area. Methods · By random stratified and cluster sampling, a total of 9 596 students aged from 6 to 18 years old in Chongqing urban districts together with their parents were enrolled through a questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the difference among groups, and the binary Logistic regression model was used to explore the factors that influenced the prevalence of average time of homework>2 h/d
and screen time>2 h/d. Results · The average time of sedentary behaviors in school days was 2.82 h/d, and the rate of sedentary behaviors>2 h/d was 74.1%. The rate of boys (75.3%) was significantly higher than that of girls (72.7%) (χ2=8.333, P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that junior and senior students were the common risk factors for both homework and screen time>2 h/d; on the contrary, extracurricular sports never being occupied could be the common protective factors. In addition, being girls (OR=1.187, 95% CI 1.048-1.299) and parents’ sedentary time>2 h/d (OR=1.529, 95% CI 1.303-1.794) could be the risk factors for homework time>2 h/d. Non-only child (OR=1.194, 95% CI 1.066-1.320), no family rules on screen time (OR=1.193, 95% CI 1.062-1.388), and having a TV set at home (OR=1.330, 95% CI 1.147-1.472) could be the risk factors for screen time>2 h/d.
Conclusion · The status quo of sedentary behaviors among students in Chongqing area is not quite well. School’s policy on extracurricular sports and home screen environment may be the mainly modifiable influencing factors.
Key words: sedentary&ensp, behavior, &ensp, screen&ensp, time, &ensp, children, &ensp, adolescents, &ensp, family&ensp, environment
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