摘要/Abstract

膜分离在面向能源与环境问题的分离过程中具有极大的应用前景, 近几十年内发展迅速. 金属-有机骨架(MOFs)是一种新型微孔材料, 具有孔结构均一、可调控、多样化的特点, 用其制备的MOF膜在分离领域极具应用潜力. 而二维(2D)材料的飞速发展, 使2D MOF膜也成为倍受关注的一类新型分离膜. 由2D MOF纳米片构筑成的超薄分离膜, 通过MOF的固有孔径可以实现分子级别的筛分, 而纳米片之间的通道及纳米片面内通道为气体或水分子提供了更多的传质通道, 从而实现了优异的分离性能. 因此, 2D MOF膜被认为有望同时提高分离过程的渗透量和选择性, 成为满足工业分离需求的高性能分离膜.
关键词: 膜分离, 金属-有机骨架, 二维膜, 纳米片
Membrane separation is very promising in solving energy and environmental challenges of separation process, and it has developed rapidly in recent decades. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new type of microporous material with adjustable pores with uniform size, thus MOF membranes show promising potential for separation applications. With the rapid development of two-dimensional (2D) materials, 2D MOF membranes constructed with 2D MOF nanosheets, have attracted increasing attentions, where the pores of MOF could achieve molecular sieving, while both the nanochannels between the nanosheets and the pores of MOF nanosheets would provide mass transfer pathway for fast permeation. Therefore, 2D MOF membranes are expected to show both high permeability and selectivity, which might become a kind of high-performance membrane for industrial separations.
Key words: membrane separation, metal-organic framework, two-dimensional membrane, nanosheet


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