摘要/Abstract

一氧化碳（CO）是一种内源性气体信使分子，具有广泛而复杂的生理学功能.CO分子的生理学效应与其浓度、位置和作用时间密切相关.而现有的一氧化碳供体普遍存在着稳定性较差，剂量难以把控，缺乏靶向性以及对正常细胞和组织器官具有潜在的毒副作用等问题，限制了其进一步的应用.随着纳米科学技术的迅速发展，国内外研究者们构建出一系列能够实现可控释放CO的多功能纳米材料，并将其用于生物医学领域.结合纳米材料自身独特的性能优势，分类介绍了多种内源性/外源性刺激响应型CO控释纳米材料，并概述了可控释放CO的纳米药物在抑制炎症反应、抗菌和肿瘤治疗等生物医学领域的应用，最后对CO控释纳米材料在生物医学领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了总结和讨论.
关键词: 一氧化碳, 纳米材料, 可控释放, 内源性及外源性刺激控释, 一氧化碳纳米药物
In recent years, the use of gas therapy has been more and more concerned by researchers in biomedical applications. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a diatomic gas messenger molecule with the function of transmitting intercellular information and regulating cellular signals. CO is found to play an extremely important physiological role in multiple systems, including cardiovascular system, nervous system, immune system, endocrine system and respiratory system, cancer therapy, coagulation and fibrinolysis system, organ transplantation and preservation, and so on. The biological functions of carbon monoxide molecule greatly depend on the its concentration, position, and duration. However, the existing carbon monoxide donors including Mn₂(CO)₁₀, Ru₂Cl₄(CO)₆, Ru(CO)₃Cl(glycinato), CORM-F, CORM-A1 have some disadvantages, such as poor stability, difficulties in dose control, lack of targeting, potential toxic and side effects on normal cells and tissues, which limited their further applications. How to control the concentration of carbon monoxide in the specific region has always been a big challenge in the field of biomedical applications. With the rapid development of nanoscience and technology, researchers have constructed a series of multifunctional carbon monoxide releasing nanomaterials, provided a new idea for CO controlled release, and applied them in the field of biomedicine. In this paper, several kinds of endogenous/exogenous stimulus-responsive CO releasing nanomaterials with the unique advantages are introduced based on the stimuli source. Then, the applications of these controlled CO releasing nanomaterials in biomedical fields, such as inhibiting inflammation, anti-bacte- rial and cancer therapy, are summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects of CO releasing nanomaterials are discussed.
Key words: carbon monoxide, nanomaterials, controlled release, endogenous/exogenous stimulation, carbon monoxide nanodrugs


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