摘要/Abstract

氮杂芳环广泛存在于天然产物、药物分子、有机材料及配体中. 通过选择性碳氢键官能团化的方式对氮杂芳环进行后期修饰具有重要意义. 在酸性和氧化条件下, 烷基自由基对氮杂芳环的加成反应, 即Minisci反应, 提供了一种合成烷基取代的含氮芳环的方法. 传统的Minisci反应往往需要过量的氧化剂、酸以及高温, 这大大限制了底物的适用范围. 随着光催化在有机合成中的快速发展, 近几年来多种光催化的Minisci反应被报道, 并被成功应用到药物的合成中. 对近年来可见光催化的Minisci反应进行了概述.
关键词: 含氮芳环, Minisci反应, 烷基自由基, 光催化
N-Heteroarenes are present in a wide variety of natural products, small-molecule drugs, organic materials, and ligands. Therefore, the methods for selective C—H functionalization of N-heteroarenes are highly sought-after for late-stage modification of pharmaceuticals. A useful tool for the synthesis of alkyl-substituted nitrogen-containing aromatic rings is the Minisci reaction, in which a protonated N-heteroarene is attacked by an alkyl radical under oxidative and acidic conditions. Classic Minisci reactions often require the use of excess oxidant, excess acid, and high temperature, which greatly limits the scope of the substrates. With the rapid development of photocatalysis in organic synthesis, in recent years, a variety of photocatalytic Minisci reactions have been reported, and successfully been applied to the synthesis of drugs. In this paper, the visible light mediated Minisci reactions in recent years are briefly reviewed.
Key words: N-heteroarenes, Minisci reaction, alkyl radical, photocatalysis


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