非合作航天器相对姿态确定算法及地面试验

翟坤¹, 曲溪², 李志³, 陈新龙³

(1.清华大学 航天航空学院, 100084 北京; 2.中国空间技术研究院 载人航天总体部, 100094 北京; 3.中国空间技术研究院 钱学森空间技术实验室, 100094 北京)



摘要:

针对具有矩形结构的非合作航天器,采用坐标转换矩阵的姿态描述方法,推导了简单通用的单目视觉相对姿态确定算法．为验证相对姿态确定算法,基于MATLAB设计图像采集处理系统,采用STK设计目标模拟器,进而搭建了地面试验系统,并开展了非合作航天器轨道面内和轨道面外绕飞试验．试验结果表明相对姿态确定算法能够准确地获得非合作航天器的相对姿态变化．

关键词:  非合作航天器  单目视觉  相对姿态确定  目标模拟器  地面试验

DOI：10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.2014.03.011

分类号:

基金项目:国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目(2012AA7096017).



Ground test and relative attitude determination algorithms of non-cooperative spacecraft

ZHAI Kun¹, QU Xi², LI Zhi³, CHEN Xinlong³

(1.School of Astronautics and Aerospace,Tsinghua University,100084 Beijing, China; 2. Institute of Manned Space System Engineering, China Academy of Space Technology, 100094 Beijing, China; 3. Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology, China Academy of Space Technology, 100094 Beijing, China)

Abstract:

Aiming at non-cooperative spacecraft with rectangular structures, a more simple and general relative attitude determination algorithm was deduced by expressing the relative attitude in the form of coordination transformation matrix. To verify the method, the image acquisition and processing system was designed based on MATLAB, and using STK the target simulator was built. Furthermore a ground test system was established, and the tests of flying around in the orbit plane and out of the orbit plane were performed. The results indicate that the relative attitude determination algorithm can derive the relative attitude of non-cooperative spacecraft exactly.

Key words:  Non-cooperative spacecraft  Monocular vision  Relative attitude determination  Target simulator  Ground test