摘要:烟粉虱是黄瓜的主要害虫，利用非化学措施控制烟粉虱对于黄瓜绿色生产具有重要意义。为探讨光驱避对设施蔬菜烟粉虱的控制作用，应用RGB值与虚拟波长的关系在计算机上模拟不同波长的颜色，根据烟粉虱对不同光质的选择率，筛选出对烟粉虱有驱避作用的敏感光质，在此基础上，调查该光质处理下设施黄瓜烟粉虱种群的变化情况以及该光质与多种光质联合使用对烟粉虱的控制作用。结果表明，RGB值为0，0，255（波长为470 nm的蓝色）的颜色对烟粉虱成虫的驱避率最高。黄色和绿色对烟粉虱有较强的诱集作用，烟粉虱的选择率分别为54%和42%；但在黄光和绿光打开的环境中再加入蓝光后，烟粉虱对黄光和绿光的选择率分别提高到68%和56%。在黄光和绿光共存的环境中加入蓝色光，可以加速烟粉虱从绿色区域向黄色区域的迁移。在大棚黄瓜田，蓝光照射后烟粉虱的种群数量迅速下降，并且随着光照射时间的延长，黄瓜上烟粉虱数量下降幅度增大，光照射6 d后烟粉虱的校正虫口减退率达92.76%。蓝光和黄光联合使用，在开启蓝光前先打开黄光，可以增强对黄瓜烟粉虱种群的控制作用，处理10 d、20 d、30 d后，黄瓜叶片上烟粉虱校正虫口减退率较不开黄光分别提高13.80%、18.17%、15.10%。研究发现，蓝光照射对烟粉虱有强烈的驱避作用，蓝光和黄光配合使用可以提高对烟粉虱的控制作用。
关键词:蓝光/
黄瓜/
烟粉虱/
绿色防控/
驱避
Abstract:Bemisia tabaci is the main pest of cucumbers; it is critical to control B. tabaci using non-chemical measures for green cucumber cultivation. To explore the control effects of light on B. tabaci in greenhouse vegetables, the relationship between RGB values and the virtual wavelength was used to simulate the colors of different wavelengths on a computer. The light colors repelling B. tabaci were selected according to the selection rate of B. tabaci to different light. On this basis, the changes in the population of B. tabaci on cucumbers treated with the selected light were investigated for the control effects of B. tabaci. The results showed that the color with RGB values of 0, 0, and 255 (wavelength of 470 nm; blue) had the highest repellent rate to B. tabaci. Yellow light (54%) and green light (42%) had a strong trapping effect on B. tabaci. Adding blue light to the environment with yellow and green light could improve the selection of yellow light (68%) and green light (56%). Blue light accelerated the migration of B. tabaci from green to yellow areas. In the greenhouse cucumber field, the population of B. tabaci decreased rapidly after blue light irradiation, and the number of B. tabaci on the cucumber plants decreased significantly with increased light exposure (P < 0.05); a corrected population decline rate of 92.76% was noted after 6 days of blue light irradiation. After 10, 20, and 30 days of treatment, the corrected population reduction rates of B. tabaci on the cucumber leaves increased by 13.80%, 18.17%, and 15.10%, respectively, compared to those without yellow light. These results show that blue light has a strong repellent effect on B. tabaci, and the combination of blue and yellow light improves the control effect. Thus, adding a yellow plate may significantly increase the trapping rates of B. tabaci.
Key words:Blue light/
Cucumber/
Bemisia tabaci/
Green prevention and control/
Repellent
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