摘要
摘要:为探究我国南方稻区绿肥种植的生态服务价值，本文以我国南方稻区农田引入绿肥紫云英为例，界定了稻田种植紫云英的生态服务功能，并运用实际市场法、替代市场法和虚拟市场法等研究方法，构建了绿肥生态价值评估的理论模型，核算了绿肥的生态服务价值，得到了以下研究结论：1）南方稻区绿肥生态服务功能主要涉及调节和支持两类，调节服务包括气体调节、水分涵养和土壤保持3种功能，支持服务则包括土壤有机质累积和土壤营养物质循环两种功能；对应地，南方稻区农田轮作冬绿肥紫云英的生态价值也被界定为以上5种。2）南方稻区冬闲田种植紫云英在一个轮作周期中能够产生1.125万元·hm^-2的生态价值，其中，气体调节价值最大，为0.380万元·hm^-2，其次是土壤有机质累积价值，为0.279万元·hm^-2，营养物质循环价值和土壤保持价值分别为0.204万元·hm^-2和0.214万元·hm^-2，土壤水分涵养价值最小，为0.048万元·hm^-2。3）南方稻区绿肥种植投入成本为0.173万元·hm^-2，绿肥种植所产生的生态价值是种植投入成本的6.5倍。研究表明农田冬种绿肥紫云英的生态服务价值是客观存在的。该研究为南方稻区绿肥引入冬闲田后生态价值的评估提供了较为科学的研究方法和基础参数，同时，也为未来政府制定绿肥种植的生态补偿机制提供了理论依据。
关键词:南方稻区/
冬闲田/
绿肥/
紫云英/
生态价值评估
Abstract:In the context of deepened promotion of rural revitalization, exploration of greener and more ecological path to agricultural modernization has become the mode of deepening agricultural reform. In the process of building modern agriculture, China has led the establishment of good agricultural ecosystems as a breakthrough point and the development of green manure as an important starting point in the establishment of good agricultural ecosystems and promotion of green transformation of agriculture. In order to explore ecological services values of green manure (Astragalus sinicus L.) in winter paddy fields in South China, we defined ecological services functions of green manure in paddy fields in winter and used research methods (such as actual market method, alternative market method and virtual market method) to construct an initial theoretical model of ecological services value assessment from which ecological services values of green manure in South China were calculated. The following conclusions were reached:1) that ecological services functions of green manure in paddy fields in South China were mainly of 2 kinds-regulation and support services. Regulation services included gas regulation, water conservation and soil conservation. The support services included accumulation of soil organic matter and soil nutrient cycle, corresponding to ecological services values defined for the above 5 species. 2) For a rotation cycle, ecological services value of winter green manure in paddy fields in South China was 1.13×10⁴ ￥·hm^-2. Among these, the value of gas regulation was the largest (3.80×10³ ￥·hm^-2), the cumulative value of soil organic matter followed next (2.79×10³ ￥·hm^-2), next were nutrient cycle (2.04×10³ ￥·hm^-2) and soil conservation (2.14×10³ ￥·hm^-2) values, and soil water conservation value was the smallest (4.80×10² ￥·hm^-2). 3) The cost of winter green manure was 1.73×10³ ￥·hm^-2 in paddy fields in South China. The ecological services value of green manure was 6.5 times the cost of planting, indicating that the existence of ecological services value of green manure was objective. This study provided further detail on scientific methods and the basic parameters for ecological services value assessment for green manure in paddy fields in South China. Meanwhile, it also provided the theoretical basis for the formulation of ecological compensation mechanisms for future green manure plantations.
Key words:Paddy field in South China/
Winter fallowing field/
Green manure/
Astragalus sinicus L./
Ecological valuation



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