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| 摘要该文主要研究汉语普通话不同文体朗读时的胸腹呼吸特性。实验同步录制了4位播音员朗读的语音和胸腹呼吸信号，选取近体诗、词、新闻和散文这4种文体语料90篇，使用自主编写的呼吸分析程序，提取了吸气相和呼气相的呼吸重置幅度、时长、斜率、面积等参数。实验结果表明：言语状态下的胸腹呼吸与自然呼吸不同；不同文体朗读时的胸腹呼吸特点不同，诗、词朗读中的各级呼吸重置分布更具规律性，新闻和散文朗读中胸腹呼吸重置可分为3级，对应出现在段首、复句首和分句首位置；朗读中主要以胸腹联合式呼吸为主，胸腹呼吸二者的作用不同。该研究对汉语韵律研究和言语产生具有重要意义，为言语产生的呼吸生理建模提供参考。 |
| 关键词 ：实验语音学,言语产生,呼吸控制 |
| Abstract：Chest and abdomen breathing characteristics were studied while reading Mandarin Chinese literature. The speech and breathing signals were recorded from four annoucers while reading 90 passages with different styles, including modern poems, ci, news, and essays. The extracted breathing parameters were the breathing reset amplitude, duration, slope, and area during the inhalation and exhalation phases. The results show that the breathing strategy during speech differs from that during natural breathing with different chest and abdomen breathing patterns for different styles of prose. Systematic breathing resets occur while reading poems and ci. Three levels of breathing resets are identified while reading news and essays at the paragraph-initial, main clause-initial and subordinate clause-initial positions. The chest and abdomen breathing are coordinated during all the reading activities, but each has its distinct functions. These results are of significance to prosody and speech production and provide a basis for articulatory modeling of breathing in speech production. |
| Key words：experimental phoneticsspeech productionbreathing control |
| 收稿日期: 2016-06-20 出版日期: 2017-02-21 |
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| 通讯作者:孔江平,教授,E-mail:jpkong@pku.edu.cnE-mail: jpkong@pku.edu.cn |
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