| 防淡水壳菜附着涂料的快速评价指标体系 |
| 姚国友, 徐梦珍, 安雪晖, 王兆印 |
| 清华大学 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室, 北京 100084 |
| Rapid evaluation of anti-fouling coating materials for Limnopernafortunei |
| YAO Guoyou, XU Mengzhen, AN Xuehui, WANG Zhaoyin |
| State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China |
摘要:
| |||
| 摘要涂料防止淡水壳菜附着是一种相对可行、高效的防治方法, 提出能够快速评价防附涂料效果好坏的指标是筛选防附涂料的关键依据。该文利用人工附着试验研究了市场上17种商用混凝土防护涂料(聚脲、硅烷、环氧树脂等)防止淡水壳菜附着的效果, 分析不同材料上的附着足丝数、附着力强度、表面接触角等, 提出防护涂料防淡水壳菜附着性能的快速评价指标。结果表明: 淡水壳菜的平均附着足丝数和平均附着力与材料表面的接触角呈负相关关系, 与表面自由能色散力分量(Fowkes法)呈正相关关系, 与固液界面能(ZDY法)呈负相关关系, 与固体表面自由能(ZDY法)呈正相关关系。因此, 涂层表面的接触角、表面自由能色散力分量、固液界面能和固体表面自由能等指标大小可以作为防附涂料效果好坏的快速评价指标, 将为南水北调等跨流域大型调水工程防附涂料的选择提供科学指导。 | |||
| 关键词 ：防附涂料,淡水壳菜,污损附着,接触角,表面自由能 | |||
| Abstract：Anti-fouling coatings are an efficient control method for the control of golden mussels. Rapid evaluation methods are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-fouling coatings for screening. Forced attachment experiments were used to study the effectiveness of 17 types of commercially available coatings including polyurea, silane, and epoxy resins. The number of attached byssus, the attachment strength, and the contact angle on the materials were indicated by rapid evaluation indices for the coatings effectiveness. The results show that the average number of the attached byssus and the average attachment strength were negatively related to the contact angle on the materials, positively related to the dispersion force component of the surface free energy (Fowkes method), negatively related to the solid-liquid interfacial energy (ZDY method), and positively related to the solid surface free energy (ZDY method) of the coatings. Therefore, the contact angle, the dispersion force component of the surface free energy, the solid-liquid interfacial energy and the solid surface free energy were selected as the rapid evaluation indices for evaluating the effectiveness of the anti-fouling coatings. The indices provide scientific guidance for selecting anti-fouling coatings in large water transfer projects, such as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. | |||
| Key words：anti-fouling coatingsgolden musselsbio-fouling attachmentcontact anglesurface free energy | |||
| 收稿日期: 2015-06-06 出版日期: 2015-11-09 | |||
| |||
| 通讯作者:安雪晖, 教授, E-mail: anxue@mail.tsinghua.edu.cnE-mail: anxue@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn | |||
| 引用本文: |
| 姚国友, 徐梦珍, 安雪晖, 王兆印. 防淡水壳菜附着涂料的快速评价指标体系[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2015, 55(9): 957-963. YAO Guoyou, XU Mengzhen, AN Xuehui, WANG Zhaoyin. Rapid evaluation of anti-fouling coating materials for Limnopernafortunei. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2015, 55(9): 957-963. |
| 链接本文: |
| http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2015/V55/I9/957 |
图表:
 |
| 表1 基准混凝土配合比 |
 |
| 图1 淡水壳菜被不锈钢丝固定的示意图 |
 |
| 图2 附着力测量示意图 |
 |
| 表2 试验观测结果及材料的固体表面特性参数 |
 |
| 图3 各材料的平均附着足丝数和平均附着力对比 |
 |
| 图4 平均附着力与平均附着足丝数的关系 |
 |
| 图5 平均附着足丝数与固体表面特性参数的关系 |
 |
| 图6 平均附着力与固体表面特性参数的关系 |
参考文献:
| [1] 徐梦珍, 王兆印, 王旭昭, 等.输水通道中沼蛤入侵及水力学防治 [J]. 水利学报, 2013, 44(7): 856-872.XU Mengzhen, WANG Zhaoyin, WANG Xuzhao, et al. Golden mussel invasion in water transfer tunnels and hydraulic prevention [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2013, 44(7): 856-872.(in Chinese) [2] 徐梦珍. 底栖动物沼蛤对输水通道的入侵及防治试验研究 [D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2012.XU Mengzhen. Experimental Study of Macroinvertebrate Limnopernafortunei Invasion and Prevention in Water Transfer Tunnels [D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2012. (in Chinese) [3] XU Mengzhen, Darrigran G, WANG Zhaoyin, et al. Experimental study on control of Limnopernafortunei biofouling in water transfer tunnels [J]. Journal of Hydro-Environment Research, 2015, 9(2): 248-258. [4] Ackerman J D, Ethier C R, Allen D G, et al. Investigation of zebra mussel adhesion strength using rotating disks [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 1992, 118(5): 708-724. [5] Ackerman J D, Ethier C R, Spelt J K. The biomechanics of byssal adhesion in Zebra Mussels (Dreissenapolymorpha): Tests with a rotating disk [C]// Nalepa T, Schloesser D, Eds. Zebra Mussels: Biology, Impacts, and Control. Boca Raton, USA: Lewis Publishers, 1993: 265-282. [6] Ackerman J D, Ethier C R, Spelt J K, et al. A wall jet to measure the attachment strength of zebra mussels [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1995, 52(1): 126-135. [7] Ackerman J D, Cottrell C M, Ethier C R, et al.Attachment strength of zebra mussels on natural, polymeric, and metallic materials [J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 1996, 122(2): 141-148. [8] Ohkawa K, Nishida A, Honma R, et al. Studies on fouling by the freshwater mussel Limnopernafortunei and the antifouling effects of low energy surfaces [J]. Biofouling, 1999, 13: 337-350. [9] 沈钟, 赵振国, 康万利. 胶体与表面化学 [M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2014: 105-106.SHEN Zhong, ZHAO Zhenguo, KANG Wanli. Colloid and Surface Chemistry [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2014: 105-106. (in Chinese) [10] 陈晓磊. 固体聚合物表面接触角的测量及表面能研究 [D]. 长沙: 中南大学, 2012.CHEN Xiaolei. Surface Free Energy and Contact Angle Measurement of Solid Polymer [D]. Changsha: Central South University, 2012. (in Chinese) [11] Fowkes F M, Determination of interfacial tensions, contact angles, and dispersion forces in surfaces by assuming additivity of intermolecular interactions in surfaces [J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1962, 66(2): 382-382. [12] Fowkes F M, Ideal two-dimensional solutionsⅡ. A new isotherm for soluble and “gaseous” monolayers [J].The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1962, 66(3): 385-389. [13] Fowkes F M. Additivity of intermolecular forces at interfacesⅠ. Determination of the contribution to surface and interfacial tensions of dispersion forces in various liquids [J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry, 1963, 67(12): 2538-2541. [14] Fowkes F M, Attractive forces at interfaces [J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 1964, 56(12): 40-52. [15] 朱定一, 戴品强, 罗晓斌, 等. 润湿性表征体系及液固界面张力计算的新方法(Ⅰ) [J]. 科学技术与工程, 2007, 7(13): 3057-3062.ZHU Dingyi, DAI Pinqiang, LUO Xiaobin, et al. Novel characterization of wetting properties and the calculation of liquid-solid interface tension (Ⅰ) [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2007, 7(13): 3057-3062. (in Chinese) [16] 朱定一, 张远超, 戴品强, 等.润湿性表征体系及液固界面张力计算的新方法(Ⅱ) [J]. 科学技术与工程, 2007, 7(13): 3064-3069.ZHU Dingyi, ZHANG Yuanchao, DAI Pinqiang, et al. Novel characterization of wetting properties and the calculation of liquid-solid interface tension (Ⅱ) [J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2007, 7(13): 3064-3069. (in Chinese) |
相关文章:
| ||
