地面高度起伏对SAR图像匹配性能影响的定量分析

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清华大学辅仁网/2017-07-07

马文婷¹,杨健¹(

),崔一²,高伟¹

2. 新泻大学工学部, 新泻 9502181, 日本

Quantitative analysis of the influence of terrain undulations on SAR image registration

Wenting MA¹,Jian YANG¹(

),Yi CUI²,Wei GAO¹

1. Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2. Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, Niigata 9502181, Japan

摘要:

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摘要合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像匹配可以修正惯性导航系统(INS)的累积误差,提高飞行器的定位导航精度。但地面高度起伏会引起SAR图像中存在几何失真,大大降低了图像匹配的精度。该文从SAR图像的成像原理出发,详细分析了SAR图像几何失真的原因,提出了一种根据实时SAR图像的地形高度计算地形匹配误差的方法,并在此基础上推导得到了一种快速预测地形匹配误差上界和下界的方法。该误差预测方法与匹配过程无关,能够在匹配前完成,对于修正匹配结果、提高匹配精度具有重要的意义。实验统计了90组参考和实时SAR图像的匹配结果,结果表明地形匹配误差均分布在预测的上界和下界之间。

关键词 ：合成孔径雷达(SAR),地形起伏,数字高程模型(DEM),匹配误差,上界,下界

Abstract：Registration of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images plays an important role in correcting cumulative errors in inertial navigation systems (INS) to improve the locating accuracy of aircraft navigation systems. However, terrain variations which lead to geometry deformations in SAR images significantly degrade the registration performance. The causes of the geometric deformations in SAR imaging mechanism were analyzed to develop an algorithm to calculate the registration errors induced by terrain undulations using the digital elevation model (DEM) of real-time SAR images. This algorithm can rapidly predict the upper and lower bounds of the registration errors. Furthermore, the prediction can be calculated before registration for all algorithms for compensation to improve the registered results. Tests using 90 pairs of referenced and real-time SAR images demonstrate that the registration errors induced by terrain undulations are all located between the predicted upper and lower bounds.

Key words：synthetic aperture radar (SAR)terrain undulations digital elevation model (DEM)registration errors upper bound lower bound

收稿日期: 2013-11-14 出版日期: 2015-04-16

基金资助:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41171317)

引用本文:

马文婷,杨健,崔一,高伟. 地面高度起伏对SAR图像匹配性能影响的定量分析[J]. 清华大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 54(4): 432-436.
Wenting MA,Jian YANG,Yi CUI,Wei GAO. Quantitative analysis of the influence of terrain undulations on SAR image registration. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2014, 54(4): 432-436.

链接本文:

http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/或 http://jst.tsinghuajournals.com/CN/Y2014/V54/I4/432

图表:

地物目标高度引起SAR图像存在几何位移

地形起伏引起的SAR图像局部形变的示意图

误差高度曲线

实时SAR图像的真实成像位置与匹配位置。

t^*及其上下界的二维统计图

t^*及其上下界的一维统计图

参考文献:

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