Al13的分子学及其在环境工程中的应用

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Molecules of Al13 and its application in environmental engineering

WANG Dongsheng^1,,
AN Guangyu¹,
LIU Libing^1,2,
WANG Pin^1,2,
XIAO Feng¹,
YANG Chenggang³
1.Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
2.University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3.Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100082, China

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摘要:Al13（[AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+）是Al(III)水解过程中重要的中间产物，是一种尺寸介于纳米级别的簇合化合物。由于其独特的形态结构和物化特性，Al13制品在工业生产和环境工程中有着广泛的应用前景。通过Al13的基础理论性研究，包括形态转化与微观界面机制等分子学行为的解析，可以揭示其水解生成的过程以及在溶液中的稳定性等重要的物化性质，为制备高纯Al13试剂以及优化实际工程应用条件提供有效的指导。同时，研究Al13转化生成Al30和Al13聚集体等形态的微观机制，可以进一步开发新型多功能环境工程应用材料，提升Al系试剂的应用范围和效果。在全面阐述Al13的分子学行为的基础上，论述分析了Al13制品在环境工程中的应用情况，包括水处理中混凝过程的作用机理和适用范围、污泥处理中的调理脱水效果等，并提出了相关研究存在的问题和未来研究的方向。
关键词: Al13/
水解/
混凝/
电中和/
静电簇

Abstract:Al13 ([AlO4Al12(OH)24(H2O)12]7+) are generated in the process of Al (III) hydrolysis, which is a kind of large cluster at nanometer level. Its products have wide application prospects in environmental treatment and industrial production due to its unique physical and chemical properties and species structure. Based on fundamental study of Al13, including species transformation and micro-interface mechanism and so on, the formation process and important physical and chemical properties such as stability of nano-Al13 would be revealed, that is helpful to prepare high purity Al13 reagent and optimize the conditions of practical applications. In addition, by study of the micro-mechanism for the process of transferring Al13 into its aggregates, Al30 and other species, more new type multi-functional materials for environmental engineering will be developed, expand the application range and effect of Al type reagents. This paper fully summarizes the molecular behaviors of Al13 and further discusses the application status of the nano-Al13 products in environmental engineering field, including coagulation mechanism and application range in water treatment and conditioning dehydration effects in sludge treatment and so on, finally points out the existing problems and future directions in relative research subjects.
Key words:Al13/
hydrolysis/
coagulation/
charge neutralization/
electrostatic patches.

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