中文关键词秸秆还田旱地红壤细菌群落有机碳矿化玉米产量 英文关键词straw returningdryland red soilbacterial communityorganic carbon mineralizationmaize yield

作者	单位	E-mail
孔培君	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049	kongpeijun@issas.ac.cn
郑洁	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
栾璐	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
陈紫云	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
薛敬荣	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
孙波	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008
蒋瑀霁	中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008	yjjiang@issas.ac.cn

中文摘要 为探讨长期不同秸秆还田方式对旱地红壤细菌群落、有机碳矿化及玉米产量的影响，基于中国科学院鹰潭红壤生态实验站设置的不同秸秆还田方式长期定位试验（9 a），选取不施肥（CK）、单施化肥（N）、化肥+秸秆（NS）、化肥+秸秆猪粪配施（NSM）和化肥+生物质炭（NB）这5个处理，通过高通量测序技术研究旱地红壤细菌多样性和群落结构差异，揭示了细菌群落对土壤有机碳矿化和玉米产量的影响机制.结果表明：①不同秸秆还田处理下，红壤化学性质发生显著变化，其中NSM处理对旱地红壤肥力的综合提升效果最好，并显著提高了玉米产量.②相比于CK和N处理，秸秆还田处理均提高了细菌多样性.主成分分析发现，秸秆还田处理改变了土壤细菌群落结构.③秸秆还田处理提高了土壤有机碳矿化能力，NSM处理的土壤有机碳矿化速率和累积矿化量最高.④相关性分析表明土壤AN/AP比值显著改变了细菌群落结构，结构方程模型结果表明，土壤AN/AP比可能通过影响土壤细菌多样性和群落结构，间接提高了土壤有机碳矿化能力和玉米产量.本研究结果为协同提升旱地红壤生物多样性和耕地地力水平，保障健康红壤生态系统和粮食安全提供了科学依据. 英文摘要 To investigate the effects of straw returning on the bacterial community, organic carbon mineralization, and maize yield in an upland red soil, a long-term field experiment (established in 2011) with different types of straw returning in a corn mono-cropping system was performed at the National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station in Yingtan. The diversity and structure of the soil bacterial community were evaluated under five treatments (CK, no fertilizer; N, chemical fertilizer; NS, chemical fertilizer with straw; NSM, chemical fertilizer with straw and manure; and NB, chemical fertilizer with biochar) using high-throughput sequencing technology. The effect of the bacterial community on maize yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization was revealed. The results showed that fertilization treatments significantly changed the chemical properties of the red soil, such that the NSM treatment had the highest level of soil fertility and the maximal maize yield. The straw returning treatments (NS, NSM, and NB) significantly increased the bacterial diversity compared to that under the CK and N treatments. The principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the straw returning treatments significantly affected the bacterial community structure. Straw returning significantly improved SOC mineralization capacity, with the maximal SOC accumulation and mineralization rate under the NSM treatment. Correlation analysis indicated that the structure of the soil bacterial community was greatly influenced by the AN/AP ratio. Structural equation modeling suggested that the AN/AP ratio may indirectly improve SOC mineralization capacity and maize yield by shaping the bacterial diversity and community structure. Our results provide the basis for synergistically improving the microbial diversity and soil fertility and protecting the health of red soil ecosystems and food security.

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