中文关键词浒苔生物炭木醋液碱化土壤改良土壤盐分土壤酶作物产量 英文关键词Enteromorpha prolifera biocharwood vinegartakyric solonetz improvementsoil salinitysoil enzymescrop yield

作者	单位	E-mail
王正	宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川 750021 宁夏大学新华学院, 银川 750021	wangzshxc@163.com
孙兆军	宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川 750021 宁夏大学环境工程研究院, 银川 750021	sunzhaojunyx@126.com
Sameh El-Sawy	埃及国家研究中心, 开罗 11435
王珍	宁夏大学环境工程研究院, 银川 750021
何俊	宁夏大学环境工程研究院, 银川 750021
韩磊	宁夏大学环境工程研究院, 银川 750021
邹本涛	烟台大学机电汽车工程学院, 烟台 264005

中文摘要 为探究浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配改良碱化土壤效果及提高作物产量，以龟裂碱土为例，通过田间试验研究不同生物炭施加量（0、1%、2%和4%）与不同木醋液稀释倍数（0、2%）复配对土壤pH、碱化度、全盐、容重、速效磷、有机质、盐分离子、油葵生长和产量的影响，不施加生物炭和木醋液视为对照（CK）.结果表明，2%浒苔生物炭+2%木醋液（V2BC2）改良龟裂碱土的综合效果最佳；在最佳处理条件下：①浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能改善土壤理化性质，具体表现为作物生长期内土壤平均pH、碱化度和全盐含量显著降低，较CK分别降低12.14%、40.63%和42.75%，土壤容重显著减小，较CK减小20.78%；②浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能显著降低土壤Na⁺、Cl^-和SO₄^2-含量，较CK分别降低47.17%、45.32%和33.33%，提高土壤K⁺和Ca²⁺含量，其他离子含量的差异不显著；③浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配显著提高土壤养分含量及有效性，增强土壤酶活性，与CK相比，速效磷提高2.88倍，有机质提高58.76%，土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性分别提高0.92、1.02和2.29倍；④油葵产量在V2BC2处理时最高，为3546.7 kg·hm^-2，较CK增产2325.3 kg·hm^-2.因此，浒苔生物炭与木醋液复配能进一步提高盐碱土改良效果及作物产量. 英文摘要 The purpose of this study was to reveal the effects of Enteromorpha prolifera biochar combined with wood vinegar on takyric solonetz improvement and crop yield. Different biochar amounts[0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% (ω)] were studied on the basis of 0% and 2% (φ) wood vinegar, wherein no biochar or wood vinegar was applied in the control (CK).Soil pH, alkalinity, exchange sodium percentage (ESP), salinity, bulk density, Olsen-P, organic matter, soil salt concentration, and yield of oil sunflower were analyzed. The results showed that first, the comprehensive effects of 2% wood vinegar and 2% biochar co-application (V2BC2) were greatest; in comparison to that in the CK, the soil pH, ESP, salinity, and bulk density significantly decreased by 12.14%, 40.63%, 42.75%, and 20.78%, respectively. Second, the content of Na⁺, Cl^-, and SO₄^2- significantly decreased by 47.17%, 45.32%, and 33.33%, respectively, compared with those in the CK. In the soil layer of 0-40 cm under the treatment of biochar combined with wood vinegar, however, K⁺ and Ca²⁺ content increased. In addition, there was little variation in the remaining ions compared with those in the CK. Third, Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and wood vinegar co-application significantly increased the soil nutrient content and availability and enhanced microbial activity. Compared to that under the CK, Olsen-P and organic matter increased by 2.88 times and 58.76%, respectively, and the activity of urease, alkaline phosphatase, and invertase increased by 0.92 times, 1.02 times, and 2.29 times, respectively. Finally, the highest crop yield was 3546.7 kg·hm^-2 under the V2BC2 treatment, which was 2325.3 kg·hm^-2 more than that under the CK. Therefore, Enteromorpha prolifera biochar and wood vinegar co-application can further strengthen the improvement of takyric solonetz and crop yield.

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