中文摘要 为研究城市大气重金属元素在新冠控制前、中（与春节重叠）、后的演化和来源，利用多金属在线分析仪于2020年1月1日至2月26日测定了上海市PM2.5中重金属元素的小时浓度.利用PMF模型确定了8个来源.结果表明，大部分元素的浓度呈现"V"字型的变化趋势，主要受烟花爆竹（特征性元素有K、Cu、Ba）、Se工业、道路扬尘（Ca、Fe、Ba）和机动车（Mn、Zn、Fe、Cu）等排放源影响.但在新冠控制期间，K、Ba和Cu浓度仍较高.以Cu元素为例的特殊事件分析表明，其浓度高值在控制期前显著受到外来传输的影响，在控制期内主要来自于本地烟花爆竹排放的影响. 英文摘要 To study the evolution and sources of heavy metal elements in the urban atmosphere before, during (overlapped with Chinese Lunar New Year), and after China's COVID-19 shutdown, a multi-metal online analyzer was deployed to determine the trace elements in PM2.5 in Shanghai from January 1 to February 26, 2020. Meanwhile, source apportionment of the hourly measured heavy metal concentrations was performed using a PMF model, in which eight sources were identified. The results show that the concentrations of most elements presented a "V-shaped" trend, which was mainly influenced by emissions from fireworks (K, Cu, Ba as indicative elements), Se-related industry, road dust (Ca, Fe, Ba), and motor vehicles (Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu). However, during the COVID-19 shutdown period, the concentrations of K, Ba, and Cu were high. Case-specific analysis suggested that prior to the shutdown period, the high concentrations of Cu were significantly influenced by long-range transport, which shifted to a dominant contribution from local fireworks during the shutdown period.
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