中文关键词小流域水体微生物群落多样性来源影响因素 英文关键词small watershedwatermicrobial communitydiversitysourceinfluence factor

作者	单位	E-mail
朱金山	长江师范学院三峡库区环境监测与灾害防治工程技术研究中心, 重庆 408100 长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院, 重庆 408100	jszhu@163.com
秦海兰	长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院, 重庆 408100
孙启耀	长江师范学院三峡库区环境监测与灾害防治工程技术研究中心, 重庆 408100 长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院, 重庆 408100
王宝珍	长江师范学院三峡库区环境监测与灾害防治工程技术研究中心, 重庆 408100 长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院, 重庆 408100
高润霞	重庆地质矿产研究院, 重庆 400042
郭锐利	濮阳市环境保护科学研究所, 濮阳 457000
李武斌	长江师范学院三峡库区环境监测与灾害防治工程技术研究中心, 重庆 408100 长江师范学院绿色智慧环境学院, 重庆 408100	liwubincq@163.com

中文摘要 小流域是农业面源、工业源发生和汇集的源头，小流域的水质状况将直接影响着整个流域的水质安全.本文以重庆市涪陵区李渡新区小流域为研究对象，结合高通量测序技术分析了小流域内径流及受纳水体微生物的群落特征，考察了水体理化因子对水体中微生物多样性的影响.结果表明，李渡新区小流域是受纳水体中亚硝态氮和溶解性有机碳的重要来源.小流域内流经不同污染源的水体微生物丰富度和多样性没有呈现显著的差异性，微生物多样性指数与水体总磷（r为-0.79~-0.84，P≤0.01）和磷酸盐（r为-0.71~-0.80，P≤0.01）含量均呈极显著负相关关系.门水平上，流经农业区的径流以放线菌门（37.33%±14.69%）占比最大，其次是变形菌门（32.53%±7.18%）、蓝细菌门（14.65%±22.64%）和拟杆菌门（8.50%±3.67%）等；流经工业区的径流以变形菌门（43.67%±10.80%）占比最大，其次是拟杆菌门（25.33%±11.97%）、放线菌门（24.17%±14.66%）和厚壁菌门（2.53%±0.72%）等.属水平上，流经农业区的径流以hgcI_clade（19.08%±13.46%）占比最大，其次是CL 500-29_marine_group（7.40%±4.44%）和Limnohabitans（7.05%±3.14%）等；流经工业区的径流以黄杆菌属（20.40%±12.37%）占比最大，其次是hgcI_clade（15.30%±11.11%）和不动杆菌属（9.33%±11.50%）等，径流水体中的黄杆菌属可能与流域内工业源的输入有关.亚硝态氮、总磷、磷酸盐、pH和Zn²⁺等是影响小流域水体微生物群落的主要环境因子，对微生物群落的解释量分别为0.26、0.21、0.20、0.15和0.14.DOC、硝态氮、Cu²⁺、Zn²⁺、Mn²⁺和As³⁺等也与水体中某些微生物菌属的占比存在一定的相关关系. 英文摘要 The water quality of a small watershed will directly affect the water quality safety of the entire watershed. The Lidu small watershed of the Fulin District in Chongqing was selected for this study. The characteristics of runoff and the microbial community in the receiving water body were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. The effects of the physical and chemical factors of the water body on the microbial diversity in the water body were also investigated. The results showed that the small watershed of Lidu was an important source of nitrite and dissolved organic carbon for the receiving water. There was no significant difference in the microbial richness and diversity of the water flowing through different pollution sources in the small watershed, and the microbial diversity index was negatively correlated with the total phosphorus (r -0.79——0.84, P ≤ 0.01) and phosphate (r -0.71——0.80, P ≤ 0.01) of the water. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria (37.33% ±14.69%) accounted for the largest proportion of runoff flowing through the agricultural area, followed by Proteobacteria (32.53% ±7.18%), Cyanobacteria (14.65% ±22.64%), Bacteroidetes (8.50% ±3.67%), and others. Proteobacteria (43.67% ±10.80%) accounted for the largest proportion of runoff flowing through the industrial area, followed by Bacteroidetes (25.33% ±11.97%), Actinobacteria (24.17% ±14.66%), Firmicutes (2.53% ±0.72%), and others. At the genus level, hgcI_clade (19.08% ±13.46%) accounted for the largest proportion of runoff flowing through the agricultural area, followed by CL 500-29 _marine_group (7.40% ±4.44%), Limnohabitans (7.05% ±3.14%), and others. Flavobacterium (20.40% ±12.37%) accounted for the largest proportion of runoff flowing through the industrial area, followed by hgcI_clade (15.30% ±11.11%), Acinetobacter (9.33% ±11.50%), and others. The Flavobacterium in the runoff water may be related to the input of industrial sources in the watershed. Nitrous nitrogen, total phosphorus, phosphate, pH, and Zn²⁺ were the main environmental factors that affected the microbial community in the small watershed. They can explain the variance of microbial community 0.26, 0.21, 0.20, 0.15, and 0.14, respectively. DOC, nitrate nitrogen, and heavy metal ions such as Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, and As³⁺ were also related to the proportion of some microorganisms in the water.

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