中文关键词川中丘陵区三峡库区小流域降雨径流流失风险期 英文关键词purple hilly area of SichuanThree Gorges Reservoir areasmall watershedrainfall-runoffemission risk period

作者	单位	E-mail
王宏	四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 成都 610066	wang.hongde163@163.com
徐娅玲	四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 成都 610066
张奇	四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 成都 610066
林超文	四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 成都 610066	lcw-11@163.com
翟丽梅	中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 100081
刘海涛	四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所, 成都 610066
蒲波	成都土壤肥料测试中心, 成都 610041

中文摘要 小流域非点源污染氮和磷流失是河流水体污染的重要来源，而且氮和磷流失强度与气候、人为活动有密切的关系.因此，本文以长江上游沱江水系花椒沟小流域为研究对象，对小流域径流量、氮磷流失浓度以及流失量进行定位连续监测，结合降雨分析氮和磷输出变化特征及其响应过程.结果表明：①小流域2012年和2013年的7~9月径流量分别为10.05×10⁵ m³和3.34×10⁵ m³，分别占全年径流量的76.58%和56.51%，而且径流量与降雨量呈正相关关系；②铵态氮最大排放浓度在4~6月，2012年和2013年最高分别能够达到11.51 mg ·L^-1和4.44 mg ·L^-1，流失风险期为4~7月，2012年和2013年流失量分别占全年流失量的78.45%和62.24%；总氮、硝态氮最大排放浓度、流失风险期都为7~9月，硝态氮为总氮的最主要排放形式，2012年和2013年硝态氮最大排放浓度分别为6.06 mg ·L^-1和11.43 mg ·L^-1，7~9月流失量分别占全年流失量的88.74%和65.55%；③总磷、可溶性总磷和颗粒态磷流失风险期为7~9月，颗粒态磷为总磷最主要的排放形式，2012年和2013年7~9月流失量占全年流失的36%和68%，且总磷中颗粒态磷的比例会受到降雨的影响. 英文摘要 The emission of nitrogen and phosphorus via non-point source pollution from a small watershed has become the main pollution source of river waters, while climatic conditions and human activities directly affect the changes in rainfall-runoff and types of land use that are closely related to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution. In this study, we explore the runoff loss, nitrogen and phosphors concentration, and nitrogen and phosphorus emission in Huajiaogou small watershed on the upper reaches of Yangtze River. The rainfall, runoff, and temporal changes of nitrogen and phosphorus were analyzed using the continuous position monitoring data. The results showed that:① the runoff volumes were 10.05×10⁵ m³ and 3.34×10⁵ m³ from July 1^st to September 30^th, accounting for 76.58% and 56.51% in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and they were positively correlated to rainfall. The peak concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) from April 1^st to June 30^th were 11.51 mg ·L^-1 and 4.44 mg ·L^-1in 2012 and 2013, respectively. ② The NH₄⁺-N emission risk period was from July 1^st to September 30^th, accounting for 78.45% and 62.24% in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The peak concentration and emission risk period of total nitrogen (TN) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) were from July 1^st to September 30^th, and NO₃^--N was the main form of the total nitrogen emission. The peak concentration of NO₃^--N was 6.06 mg ·L^-1 and 11.43 mg ·L^-1in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and the loss in NO₃^--N from July 1^st to September 30^th accounted for 88.74% and 65.55% in 2012 and 2013, respectively. ③The emission risk period of total phosphorus (TP), dissolved total phosphorus (DTP), and particulate phosphorus (PP) was also from July 1^st to September 30^th, and the particulate phosphorus was the main form of the total phosphorus emission. The particulate phosphorus emission from July 1^st to September 30^th accounted for 36% and 68% in 2012 and 2013, respectively, and the ration of particle phosphorus to total phosphorus was easily affected by rainfall.

PDF全文下载地址:

https://www.hjkx.ac.cn/hjkx/ch/reader/create_pdf.aspx?file_no=20201021&flag=1&journal_id=hjkx&year_id=2020