中文关键词市政污泥生物炭过渡金属氧化物吸附重金属 英文关键词sewage sludgebiochartransition metal oxidesadsorptionheavy metal

作者	单位	E-mail
陈坦	中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081 清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084	chentan05@tsinghua.org.cn
周泽宇	清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084 国家应对气候变化战略研究和国际合作中心, 北京 100038
孟瑞红	清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084
刘彦廷	清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084
王洪涛	清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084	htwang@tsinghua.edu.cn
陆文静	清华大学环境学院, 北京 100084
金军	中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081
刘颖	中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院, 北京 100081

中文摘要 为提高污泥基生物炭在高钙溶液体系中对重金属阳离子的吸附能力，将Fe₂O₃、MnO₂、ZnO与市政污泥以质量比1 ∶10（以过渡金属元素质量计）混合共热解，制备改性生物炭；表征改性生物炭的组成、官能团分布和表面性质，考察其对典型重金属阳离子Cd²⁺的吸附效果.过渡金属氧化物可促进污泥的热解，改性生物炭的H/C原子比均低于0.31，碳链裂解脱氢更彻底.改性生物炭中Fe、Mn保留较好，分别主要以单质和氧化物形态存在；而Zn流失较多.改性生物炭中的孔隙以介孔为主，平均孔径约3.8 nm，比表面积在50 m²·g^-1以上.初始浓度约200 mg·L^-1的Cd²⁺溶液中，Ca²⁺初始浓度从0 mg·L^-1升高到约200 mg·L^-1，Fe改性生物炭对Cd²⁺的吸附容量从43.17 mg·g^-1降至27.88 mg·g^-1，但仍较未改性生物炭高10 mg·g^-1以上，在含钙溶液体系中表现出了对Cd²⁺更强的吸附性能.Fe₂O₃较MnO₂和ZnO对市政污泥基生物炭吸附重金属的强化效果更好. 英文摘要 To enhance the heavy metal cation adsorption capacity of sewage sludge-derived biochar in an aqueous medium with a high concentration of Ca²⁺, modified biochars were obtained from co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and transition metal oxides (with a sewage sludge:transition metal mass ratio of 10:1), such as Fe₂O₃, MnO₂, and ZnO. The properties of the modified biochars were characterized, and the Cd²⁺ adsorption effect of the modified biochars was determined as well. The H/C atom ratios of the modified biochars were all lower than 0.31, indicating that the transition metal oxides catalyzed the decomposition and volatilization of organic matter in sewage sludge. The majority of the added Fe and Mn remained in the modified biochars, and existed as a simple substance and oxide, respectively; while significant loss of Zn occurred. The pores of the modified biochars were mainly mesopores with an average pore size of approximately 3.8 nm, and the specific surface area of the modified biochars was larger than 50 m²·g^-1. When the initial Cd²⁺ concentration was increased from 0 mg·L^-1 to approximately 200 mg·L^-1, the Cd²⁺ adsorption capacity of the Fe-modified biochar declined from 43.17 mg·g^-1 to 27.88 mg·g^-1, which was still higher than that of the unmodified biochar by at least 10 mg·g^-1. In aqueous media with a high concentration of Ca²⁺, the Fe-modified biochar showed better Cd²⁺ adsorption performance; thus, compared to MnO₂ and ZnO, Fe₂O₃ was the best choice to enhance the heavy metal adsorption performance of the sewage sludge-derived biochar.

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