中文摘要 为了解太湖重点区域水环境中邻苯二甲酸酯（phthalate esters，PAEs）的污染情况，对丰水期、枯水期和平水期目标区域的水体和沉积物中6种PAEs进行分析，3个水期水体中PAEs浓度分别为1.6~11.2 μg·L-1（平均值3.68 μg·L-1）、nd~6.21 μg·L-1（平均值1.3 μg·L-1）和nd~1.72 μg·L-1（平均值0.48 μg·L-1），从上游至下游未呈现明显浓度变化，其中邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯[di（2-ethylhexyl）phthalate，DEHP]对∑PAEs浓度的贡献比较大，邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（di-n-butyl phthalate，DBP）在某些采样点高于国内标准.沉积物中PAEs含量范围在0.74~6.90 μg·g-1（平均值2.64 μg·g-1），主要成分是DBP和DEHP.生态风险评价的结果表明，DBP和DEHP是重点区域中最主要的风险因子；沉积物PAEs中所有种类的含量均未超过风险评价低值（effect range low，ERL），对生物的潜在危害较小.与国内外河流、湖泊与河口等沉积物中PAEs污染水平比较，太湖重点区域水环境中PAEs污染属于中等水平.工业污染和城市活动是水环境中邻苯二甲酸酯的主要来源. 英文摘要 To better understand phthalate esters (PAEs) pollution in key areas of Taihu Lake, water and sediment samples were collected for content analysis. The concentrations of ∑PAEs in water samples from wet, dry, and normal seasons ranged 1.6-11.2 μg·L-1 (mean:3.68 μg·L-1), nd-6.21 μg·L-1 (mean:1.3 μg·L-1), and nd-1.72 μg·L-1 (mean:0.48 μg·L-1), respectively. No differences were found between upstream and downstream samples. DEHP was the predominant component in water samples, whereas DBP exceeded the national surface water environmental quality standards. The total PAE concentration in the sediment ranged between 0.74 and 6.90 μg·g-1 (mean:2.64 μg·g-1), with DBP and DEHP the predominant PAEs. The risk quotient (RQ) results showed that DBP and DEHP contributed the most potentially adverse effects to the aquatic environment in the key areas. The contents of PAEs in sediment were all less than the ERLs, thus posing no significant threat to aquatic organisms. The overall level of PAEs in the study area was moderate compared to those in other areas, including rivers, lakes, and estuaries from cities worldwide. Industrial pollution and urban activities are the major sources of PAEs in the aquatic environment of key areas of Taihu Lake.
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