中文关键词臭氧浓度AOT40冬小麦水稻产量 英文关键词ozone concentrationAOT40winter wheatriceyield

作者	单位	E-mail
赵辉	南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 南京 210044	zhaohui_nuist@163.com
郑有飞	南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学大气物理学院, 南京 210044 南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044	zhengyf@nuist.edu.cn
魏莉	南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044
关清	南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心, 南京 210044

中文摘要 近年来，近地面O₃浓度呈不断上升趋势，高浓度O₃会影响作物的生长导致产量降低.本文利用2014~2016年南京市近地面O₃浓度的连续观测数据，分析了O₃浓度的变化特征及其对冬小麦和水稻产量与经济损失的影响.结果表明，2014~2016年南京市O₃年平均浓度分别为62.9、68.6和69.1 μg·m^-3，O₃浓度和超标日数均呈现逐年增加的趋势.季节平均的O₃浓度大小的顺序为：夏季、春季、秋季和冬季.四季O₃浓度的日变化均为明显的"单峰型"，峰值出现在15：00~16：00，谷值出现在07：00~08：00.2014~2016年冬小麦生长季期间AOT40的数值分别为10.5、14.4和9.4 μL·L^-1·h，水稻生长季期间AOT40的数值分别为8.5、20.0和25.6 μL·L^-1·h.近地面O₃对冬小麦的影响要高于水稻，其中，2014~2016年O₃造成冬小麦减产范围为21.4%~32.8%，每年的经济损失达15076.6~27799.6万元，造成水稻减产范围为8.1%~24.3%，每年的经济损失达19747.2~68075.7万元. 英文摘要 In recent years, surface ozone concentration has been increasing. A high concentration of ozone can affect the growth of crops, and reduce crop yields. In this paper, based on hourly ozone concentration data in the Nanjing area obtained from 2014 to 2016, we analyzed the variation characteristic of ozone concentration and its effect on the production and economic loss of winter wheat and rice. The results shows that the mean concentrations of ozone in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 62.9, 68.6 and 69.1 μg·m^-3, respectively; the ozone concentration and the number of days exceeding the standard gradually increased each year. The order (high to low) of seasonal average ozone concentrations was summer, spring, autumn, and winter. The diurnal variation of ozone concentration in the four seasons showed a single-peak curve, with the peak and valley ozone values appearing at 15:00-16:00 and 07:00-08:00, respectively. The accumulated ozone exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40) values during the growing season of winter wheat in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 10.5, 14.4, and 9.4 μL·L^-1·h, respectively. The ozone AOT40 values during the growing season of rice in 2014, 2015, and 2016 were 8.5, 20.0, and 25.6 μL·L^-1·h, respectively. At the current ozone level, the impact of surface ozone on winter wheat is higher than that on rice; the range of ozone effect on the yield loss rate of winter wheat was 21.4%-32.8%, and the annual economic loss amounted to 150.766-277.996 million Yuan RMB. The range of ozone effect on the yield loss rate of rice was 8.1%-24.3%, and the annual economic loss amounted to 197.472-680.757 million Yuan RMB.

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