摘要:赤水河流域是长江上游重要的生态安全屏障，针对赤水河流域经济开发与生态环境保护的突出矛盾，基于MODIS数据产品提取赤水河流域2000—2018年归一化植被指数（NDVI）、叶面积指数（LAI）、表层水分含量指数（SWCI）和陆地表面温度（LST）生态系统质量关键指标，利用ENVI主成分分析构建遥感生态指数（RSEI），计算赤水河流域2000—2018年生态系统质量，进行Sen+Mann-Kendall趋势分析，并与贵州习水自然保护区林地最优状态下RSEI值进行比较，进而量化区域生态系统质量恢复潜力，为赤水河流域生态恢复、绿水青山就是金山银山重要理论实现提供科学参考。结果表明：RSEI能够很好地反映赤水河流域生态系统质量时空分布特征，且绿度和湿度对赤水河流域生态系统质量起关键作用。赤水河流域RSEI平均值为0.613，高值区域主要分布在下游湿润常绿阔叶林区，中游河谷中山阔叶林林、常绿针叶林区，上游镇雄县、威信县和叙永县交界处的高山常绿针叶林、落叶阔叶林区。赤水河流域近20年生态系统质量以整体以改善为主，但局部仍出现退化现象，其中生态系统质量显著改善面积占总面积的6.12%，轻微改善面积占59.51%，轻微退化面积占23.17%，显著退化面积占1.49%。赤水河流域林地RSEI值与理想参照系RESI值差距在10%以上面积占林地总面积的49.82%，主要分布在大方县、桐梓县、播州区及怀仁市、习水县部分地区。



Abstract:The Chishui River Basin is an important ecological security barrier in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In view of the prominent contradiction between economic development and eco-environmental protection in the Chishui River Basin, key parameters of normalized vegetation index (NDVI), leaf area index (LAI), surface water content index (SWCI), and land surface temperature (LST) of ecosystem quality in the Chishui River Basin from 2000 to 2018 were extracted based on MODIS data products. The remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) was constructed by ENVI principal component analysis to calculate the ecosystem quality in Chishui River Basin from 2000 to 2018, the trend analysis was carried out by Sen+Mann-Kendall method and the forestland ecological system quality of the Chishui River Basin was compared with the RSEI value under the optimal state of the forest land in Guizhou Xishui Nature Reserve to quantify the restoration potential of the regional ecosystem quality, so as to provide an scientific reference for the ecological restoration of Chishui River Basin and the realization of the important theory that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. The results showed that RSEI could well reflect the temporal and spatial distribution of ecosystem quality in Chishui River Basin, and greenness and humidity played a key role in the ecosystem quality of Chishui River Basin. The average value of RSEI in Chishui River Basin was 0.613, and the high value areas were mainly distributed in the humid evergreen broad-leaved forest in the lower reaches, the middle mountain broad-leaved forest and evergreen coniferous forest in the river valley of the middle reaches, and the alpine evergreen coniferous forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest at the junction of Zhenxiong County, Weixin County and Xuyong County in the upper reaches. In the past 20 years, the ecosystem quality of the Chishui River Basin has been mainly improved as a whole, but there was still local degradation, in which the significant improved of ecosystem quality accounted for 6.12% of the total regional area, the slightly improved area accounted for 59.51%, the slightly degraded area accounted for 23.17%, and the significantly degraded area accounted for 1.49%. The difference between the RSEI value and the RESI value of ideal reference system in Chishui River Basin was more than 10% accounting for 49.82% of the total forest area, which mainly distributed in Dafang County, Tongzi County, Bozhou District and some areas of Huairen City and Xishui County.





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