摘要:水是生态系统物质循环和能量流动的重要纽带，水生态系统修复在区域生态系统修复中起到关键作用。粤港澳大湾区剧烈人类活动对江河湖库生态系统造成破坏和干扰，江河湖库污染严重，水生物减少，导致流域水生态服务功能退化甚至丧失；从生态修复科学内涵出发，判断湾区水生态系统健康状况已处于非生物控制跃迁阈值之下；针对该形势，从工程建设、水环境治理、空间规划和管理机制四个方面，梳理湾区近期开展的与水生态修复相关的水生态文明建设、水污染防治行动计划、水生态空间划定和推进河长制等工作，并对其中用到的技术、指标和制度进行条理；然后以茅洲河流域综合治理和广东万里碧道作为水生态修复的点、面代表，从水生态修复的整体目标、采用的技术措施、效果评价的指标体系和管理制度方法等方面分析当前的工作现状；总结湾区现状水生态修复工作，认为湾区水生态系统的非生物修复阶段基本结束；基于生态系统修复理论结合湾区江河湖库生态系统特点，提出适合湾区的水生态修复框架，讨论水生态系统修复面临的问题和未来工作的展望，为大湾区水生态修复提供直接依据。



Abstract:Water is an important link of material circulation and energy flow in ecosystem, and water ecosystem restoration plays a key role in regional ecosystem restoration. The severe human activities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay area cause damage and interference to the river, lake and reservoir ecosystems, which causes serious pollution and reduction of aquatic organisms, leading to degradation or even loss of water ecological service function in the basin. Based on the scientific connotation of ecological restoration, it is judged that the health status of water ecosystem in the bay area has been under the threshold of non-biological control transition. In view of this situation, from the perspective of engineering construction, water environment treatment, spatial planning and management mechanism, this paper combs the recent works of water ecological civilization construction, water pollution prevention and control action plan, water ecological space delimitation and river management system related to water ecological restoration in the bay area, and organizes the technologies, indicators and systems used in them; then, it takes the comprehensive treatment of Maozhou River Basin and Wanlibidao in Guangdong Province as the water ecological restoration. based on the theory of ecosystem restoration and combining with the river, lake and reservoir ecosystem in Greater Bay Area, this paper puts forward a water ecosystem restoration framework suitable for the bay area, discusses the problems faced by water ecosystem restoration and prospects for future work, so as to provide a direct basis for water ecosystem restoration in the bay area.





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