摘要:国家森林公园作为生态福利供给的载体之一，具有带动经济发展、提供文化教育以及游憩、康养的复合功能，是平衡经济社会发展和生态保护，满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的重要途径。从生态福利的概念出发，结合系统理论，以黑龙江省为例构建了国家森林公园生态福利供给评价指标体系，并利用解释结构模型（Interpretative Structural Modeling，ISM）确定了生态福利供给系统内部要素的递阶结构，从ISM结果得出以下结论：（1）国家森林公园生态福利供给系统表层影响因素主要包括身体健康（S01），心理健康（S02），地方感（S04）等8个内部要素；表层影响因素直接关系森林公园生态福利的供给。（2）国家森林公园生态福利供给系统中层影响因素包括21个内部因素；中层影响因素可以直接作用于表层因素，对其中可人为控制的因素进行干预是提高生态福利供给的重要路径之一。（3）国家森林公园生态福利供给系统深层影响因素包括游步道总数（S09），森林公园植物多样性（S14），林业相关科研和教育的投入（S16），环境建设与保护投入（S27），当年植树造林面积（S30）五个内部因素；深层影响因素具有多途径影响性和可控性，对其进行规划是国家森林公园提供高质量生态福利的主要手段。



Abstract:The National Forest Park is one of the carriers of ecological welfare supply and an important way to balance social development and ecological protection, meet the people's growing needs for a better life. Combining with the system theory and taking Heilongjiang Province as an example, this paper constructs the ecological welfare supply system of the national forest park and sets up the hierarchical structure of the internal elements of the ecological welfare supply system by using the Interpretation Structure Model (ISM). The following conclusions are drawn:(1) The surface factor layer of the ecological welfare supply system contains 8 internal factors, which are directly related to the ecological welfare supply. (2) The middle factor level includes 21 internal factors, which can directly affect the surface layer and is one of the important paths to improve the ecological welfare supply. (3) The deep factor level composes of five internal factors, which are controllable and multipath influencing factors and are the main paths to improve the ecological welfare supply of the national forest park.





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