摘要:为探寻分类充分性在大型底栖动物群落-环境指示研究中的可靠性，在辽河口设置25个采样站位，于2013年8月、10月、2014年5月共3个航次（夏、秋、春）开展大型底栖动物调查，分析定量与定性数据不同分类阶元间群落组成相似性以及群落组成对环境因子响应情况，以探讨大型底栖动物不同分类阶元对辽河口生态评价的影响。结果表明，基于定量数据Bray-Curtis距离和定性数据Sørensen距离相似矩阵，3个季节不同分类阶元Spearman相关性分析和NMDS排序图表明，属级、科级与种级群落β多样性存在极显著相关性（Rho>0.88，P<0.001）。Cluster聚类图显示，定性与定量种级间丢失信息约2%，定量属级较种级丢失的信息少于3%、科级少于6%。在群落组成和环境因子相关分析中，3个季节定量属级、科级对环境因子的响应结果均与种级相似。因此在资源条件有限情况下开展辽河口大型底栖动物监测评价，鉴定群落组成可放宽至属级或科级，环境质量评价可放宽至科级。



Abstract:Effective ecological monitoring provides valuable insights on patterns and processes underlying the dynamics of ecosystems, which is of high priority for implementing ecosystem-based management. Traditional ecological monitoring programs typically rely on species-level information to reflect the environmental disturbances. However, the exercise of species-level identification is time-consuming and cost-intensive. Efforts are now afoot to test the efficacy of higher taxonomic levels (genus, family, and order) in resolving distribution patterns of biota, analogous to that of species. This study aims to test the reliability of taxonomic sufficiency to evaluate the macrobenthic community and community-environment interactions in the Liaohe Estuary, sampled from 25 stations in summer, autumn and spring. We used the Spearman's correlation coefficient and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to illustrate the correlations of community composition among different taxonomic resolutions (i.e., species, genus, family and order). The results indicated significant correlations among the β diversity on the genus, family, and species levels (Rho>0.88, P<0.001). Compared with quantitive datasets, the qualitative ones lost 2% variance. The genus level contained more information than the family level, with 3% and 6% variance loss in the genus level and family level compared to the species level, respectively. Finally, we examined the relationships of community structure with environmental factors using distance-based linear models (DistLM). The community-environment relationship based on different taxonomic resolutions showed that the environmental factors significantly affected community composition on species as well as genus and family levels. However, community composition was better explained by environmental factors on family level. In conclusion, setting guidelines for effective ecological monitoring strategy in Liaohe Estuary, we recommend the choice of the genus or family level as the efficient taxonomic resolution for the study of macrobenthos community, while the family level for the environmental assessment.





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