摘要:环境污染和生态破坏行为削弱生态系统服务，也会造成美学价值的下降。景感生态学从物理感知与心理认知出发探究生态系统服务特点，有助于剖析生态环境损害特征。从生态环境损害鉴定评估角度，结合案例对恶臭物质污染、噪声污染、光污染等生态环境损害问题的内涵进行分析，并对生态环境损害典型案例中造成的美感、视觉、听觉、味觉、嗅觉、触觉、风感、方向感和心理反应等负面影响进行了研判。研究发现，大多生态环境损害行为都会破坏生态系统美学价值，给人类感知造成较大冲击；在发现和处理生态环境损害事件过程中，按照人类感知类型汇集的居民感觉信息是一种重要的数据来源。总之，采用景感生态学的研究方法既有利于加强人们对生态系统服务的理解，从而提升保护生态的动力，也有利于抵制生态环境损害行为。



Abstract:Environmental pollution and ecological destruction can weaken ecosystem services and also reduce the value of ecological aesthetics. Landsenses ecology dedicated to investigate the characteristics of the ecosystem services, from both physical perception and psychological cognition, which is also helpful to analyze the characteristics of the eco-environmental damage. The eco-environmental damage have adverse effects on many species, habitats, ecosystem functions, and human use and non-use values. For the situation where the beneficiaries of ecosystem services are mainly humans, the value of many services is subjective, which emphasizes the loss of aesthetic value. From the perspective of the eco-environmental damage identification and assessment, the connotation of ecological pollution such as malodorous substance pollution, noise pollution, and light pollution were discussed combined with the collected cases in this study. And the negative effects caused by eco-environmental damage cases, including aesthetic, visual, auditory, taste, olfactory, tactile, wind, direction, and psychological reactions, were also investigated and analyzed in this study. The research method is mainly to collect different types of eco-environmental damage cases that have typical significance in China in recent years, and classify people's responses to the decline in environmental quality or ecosystem service value into corresponding perception types, and make statistics analysis. Statistics show that the type of eco-environmental damage that can most affect human senses is ecological damage, such as illegal fishing and illegal destruction of vegetation. These behaviors can most cause the loss of ecosystem aesthetic services and are mainly manifested in the impact on human vision. The study found that most of the eco-environmental damage behaviors would destroy the aesthetic value of the ecosystem and cause a big impact on the perception of human. Besides, in the process of discovering and dealing with the eco-environmental damage incidents, the collected residents' feeling information according to the types of human perception is an important data source. The dynamic data of the atmosphere, soil, sound, wind and other environmental elements are very important for remote and real-time monitoring of urban eco-environmental damage, as well as for predicting and quantifying the degree of damage. In addition, the residents' feeling data should be fully utilized, which contain information on human activities and quality of life. Residents' feelings about the deterioration of the eco-environment can also be used as a basis for determining eco-environmental damage, and further providing data support for the eco-environmental damage identification and assessment. In short, the use of landsenses ecology is not only conducive to strengthening people's understanding of ecosystem services, but also conducive to resisting the behavior of eco-environmental damage.





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