摘要:长江中游城市群是长江经济带的重要组成部分，明晰生态足迹平衡性对城市群区域间生态补偿以及长江中游城市群生态可持续发展具有重要意义。研究采用三维生态足迹模型和基尼系数，核算长江中游城市群各市生态足迹及生态承载力，并对其生态足迹空间平衡性进行分析；同时依据三维生态足迹相关理论，计算各市生态补偿金额。结果表明：①2000-2015年长江中游城市群整体生态足迹持续上升，由65.52 hm²/人增加至139.38 hm²/人，年增长率为7.52%，武汉城市圈和襄荆宜城市群对生态足迹增长的贡献最大；②生态承载力呈下降趋势，由11.25 hm²/人减小至10.73 hm²/人，从土地利用类型来看，耕地和林地是提供生态承载能力的最主要因素；③生态足迹的综合基尼系数处于0.425-0.488之间，整体上处于"集聚程度较大"的区间范围，空间分布显示出不平衡性；④2000-2015年长江中游城市群生态补偿支付区和补偿金额持续增加，各子城市群生态补偿差异大小关系为：环鄱阳湖城市群 > 环长株潭城市群 > 武汉城市圈和襄荆宜城市群。通过分析区域生态足迹、生态承载力的时空变化特征并提出对应补偿方案，以期为长江中游城市群生态建设和管理提供决策依据。



Abstract:Ecological compensation is an applicable solution to support sustainable development of mega-regions, such as the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), where conflicts often occur between environmental protection and economic growth. This study investigates the ecological footprints and carrying capacities of main cities in the Triangle of Central China based on a three-dimensional ecological model and the Gini coefficient. They are then used to generate ecological compensation schemes among sub-cities. The results have shown that ① the ecological footprints continued to increase from 2000 to 2015, with an annual growth rate of 7.52% (from 65.52 hm²/cap to 139.38 hm²/cap). The Wuhan Metropolitan Area and Xiang-Jing-Yi City Group occupied the most of regional ecological footprints growth. ② The ecological carrying capacity was decreased from 11.25 hm²/cap to 10.73 hm²/cap, and cultivated and forested lands were the major contributors from the perspective of land-use types. ③ The Gini coefficients of ecological footprints ranged from 0.425 to 0.488, and such a spatial distribution indicated an imbalanced and agglomerated tendency associated with city development. ④ Both of the payment area and the compensation amounts have increased during the past fifteen years, with the priority being Poyang Lake City Group > Great Chang-Zhu-Tang City Group > Wuhan Metropolitan Area and Xiang-Jing-Yi City Group. The outputs of this study are expected to provide decision-making suggestions for sustainable development of YREB, and offer valuable implications to other mega-regions as well.





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