摘要:赣江发源于武夷山脉南段西麓的高山岭间，该区域独特的地理环境和气候特征蕴育了丰富的生物多样性。然而关于该区域两栖动物群落组成和物种多样性调查非常匮乏，不利于赣江源头两栖动物物种多样性的保护。于2016年4-9月期间在江西赣江源区域采用样线法调查了两栖动物的资源状况、群落组成及物种多样性特征，比较了它们在山地森林区、丘陵森林与农田区和盆地农田区3类栖息地之间的差异性。结果表明：赣江源区域分布有8科23种两栖动物，新增记录3个物种，包括尖舌浮蛙、寒露林蛙和九龙棘蛙，泽陆蛙和饰纹姬蛙为优势种。赣江源区域的两栖动物群落组成和物种多样性存在显著的季节间差异和栖息地间差异；两栖动物季节性繁殖是造成前者差异的主要因素，而土地利用类型、栖息地特征、空间距离、生活习性的物种特性等因素成就了后者差异的出现。因此，春、夏季一般有比秋季见到更高的两栖动物物种丰富度和多样性；山地森林区的两栖动物物种丰富度和多样性最高，盆地农田区次之，丘陵森林与农田区的最低。山地森林区应成为赣江源区域两栖动物多样性保护的优先区域。国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生动物虎纹蛙，在3类栖息地中均有分布，且在盆地农田区和山地森林区能见到更多个体，但农田区分布的虎纹蛙遭受到更大的威胁，建议加强对农田区虎纹蛙及其栖息地的保护。



Abstract:Ganjiang River originates from the western foot on the southern range of the Wuyi Mountains in China. The unique geographical environment and climatic characteristics formed a rich diversity of amphibian species for Ganjiangyuan area of Jiangxi Province in China. However, the investigations on the composition and species diversity of amphibian community in this area are very scarce at present. This is not conducive for the conservation of amphibian species diversity in the source area of Ganjiang River. In this study, we investigated the resource status of amphibian and its characteristics of community composition and species diversity using the line transect method in the Ganjiangyuan area of Jiangxi Province from April to September 2016. Subsequently, we compared their differences among three habitats of mountain forest area, hilly forest and farmland area, and basin farmland area. The three habitats were 8-30 km apart from each other, and 10 sample lines with a length of 200-300 m and a spacing distance of more than 500 m were respectively arranged on each habitat. The results of our investigations showed that the Ganjiangyuan area had 23 amphibian species belonging to 8 families with Fejervarya multistriata and Microhyla fissipes as the dominant species. Meanwhile, we added 3 new amphibian species recorded in the Ganjiangyuan area, including Occidozyga lima, Rana hanluica and Quasipaa jiulongensis. There were significant seasonal and habitat differences in the composition and species diversity of the amphibian community in the Ganjiangyuan area. Seasonal reproduction of amphibian was the major factor causing the seasonal difference, while factors such as land use types, habitat features, spatial distance, and species habits led to the habitat difference. Therefore, the species richness and diversity index in spring and summer were higher than those of autumn; the amphibian species richness and diversity index were the highest in the mountain forest area, followed by the basin farmland area, and the lowest in the hilly forest and farmland area. The mountain forest area should be the priority area for the conservation of amphibian diversity in the Ganjiangyuan area. Hoplobatrachus chinensis, a national second-class protected animal species of China, was distributed in all of the three habitats, with more individuals in the basin farmland area and the mountain forest area, but the endangered species was exposed to a bigger threat in the basin farmland area. Therefore, it was suggested to strengthen the conservation of H. chinensis and its habitat in the basin farmland area.





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