摘要:建构基于消费端的自然保护地指标交易机制是破解生态产品价值实现难题、解决中国不同行政单元间自然保护和经济发展不均衡这一结构性矛盾的新思路。提出了以自然保护地面积指标的初始分配为基础的交易机制建构总体思路，并提出了生态安全性、可操作性、动态调整等3大基本原则。从市场客体、市场主体、交易方式、交易机制4方面进行了市场要素的具体设计。其中，市场客体是自然保护地可交易面积指标和由其折算的耕地、建设用地面积指标；市场主体为县级及以上的各级人民政府；交易方式为优先省内交易、鼓励省际交易；交易机制包含价格机制、审核机制和监督机制。阐述了价值规律、供需规律、竞争规律在交易机制中的具体体现。



Abstract:Designing Consumer-based Quota Trading Mechanism (CQTM) is an innovative approach not only to achieve value of ecological products, but also to alleviate the structural contradiction between conservation and development in different administrative regions. We introduce a novel approach to design CQTM based on the initial quota allocation of protected areas and put forward three basic principles, ecological security, operability and adaption. The specific market elements we identified in this approach are market objects, market entities, trading methods and trading mechanisms: market objects include the tradable area quota of protected areas and the area index of cultivated and construction land converted from it; market entities have to be governments at and above the county level; trading methods are to prioritize intra-provincial transactions and encourage inter-provincial transactions; and trading mechanisms contain price mechanism, review mechanism and supervision mechanism. We further disclose the roles that the law of price, the law of supply and demand and the law of competition can play in this trading mechanism.





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