摘要:植被恢复是退化生态系统的主要恢复措施，也是人类改善区域生态环境较为重要和直接的活动。目前，针对不同植被恢复方式对干旱半干旱地区土壤理化性质及生物特征开展了大量研究。然而，关于科尔沁沙地樟子松人工林营建对土壤颗粒组成变化的影响却鲜有报道。因此，以辽宁省章古台地区不同生长阶段（包括幼龄林、中龄林、成熟林和过熟林）的20块樟子松人工林样地为研究对象（以临近的7块天然草地为对照），研究了沙地樟子松人工林营建对0-100 cm土层土壤颗粒组成变化的影响。结果表明：沙质草地营建樟子松人工林后，不同土层土壤细颗粒（ < 0.05 mm）含量均呈增加趋势，并且在0-10 cm层增加趋势明显，随土层深度增加土壤细颗粒增加量逐渐降低（除幼龄林外），但樟子松林地土壤颗粒组成仍以砂粒为主，土壤粘粒和粉粒含量极低（仅占5%左右）。随着樟子松人工林林龄的增加，土壤细颗粒变化量在0-10 cm层逐渐升高，而在10-100 cm层并无显著变化趋势。土壤细颗粒含量的变化在10-100 cm层与土壤含水量呈显著正相关，在0-10、20-40 cm和80-100 cm层与土壤全钾极显著负相关，在20-60 cm层与土壤有机碳呈显著正相关，在10-40 cm和80-100 cm层分别与土壤全磷呈显著正相关和负相关。综上所述，樟子松人工林营建可有效提高土壤细颗粒含量且在土壤表层效果明显，但短期内并不会使土壤颗粒组成发生显著变化，樟子松林改善土壤颗粒组成的同时也会使其他土壤因子发生相应的变化。



Abstract:Vegetation restoration is main restoration measure of the degraded ecosystem, and it is also an important and direct activity for human to improve regional ecological environment. At present, a lot of studies have been carried out on soil physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics in arid and semi-arid areas according to different vegetation restoration methods. However, there are few reports on the effects of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation construction on the changes of soil particle composition in Horqin sandy land. Therefore, 20 plots of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation at different growth stages (including young, middle-aged, mature, and over-mature forests) in Zhanggutai area of Liaoning Province were used as the research objects and 7 adjacent natural grasslands were used as control in this paper. The effects of construction of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation on soil particle composition in 0-100 cm soil layer in sandy land were studied. The results showed that after afforestation in sandy grassland, the content of fine soil particles ( < 0.05 mm) in different soil layers increased and had a significant increasing trend in 0-10 cm layer. The fine soil particles variation decreased gradually with the increase of soil depth (except for young forest), but the composition of soil particles in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest was still sand. The content of soil clay and silt was very low (only about 5%). The fine soil particles variation increased gradually with the increase of stand age in 0-10 cm soil layer, where there was no significant change in 10-100 cm soil layers. The change of fine soil particle content was positively correlated with soil water content in 10-100 cm soil layers, negatively correlated with soil total potassium in 0-10, 20-40 and 80-100 cm soil layers, and positively correlated with soil organic carbon in 20-60 cm soil layer. There was positive correlation between fine soil particle content and soil total phosphorus in 10-40 cm soil layer and negative correlation in 80-100 cm soil layer. Therefore the construction of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation can effectively increase the content of fine soil particles in soil and has significant effect on the surface soil layer. However, in the short term, the composition of soil particles would not change significantly. The improvement of soil particle composition in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantation would also change other soil factors accordingly.





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