摘要:为研究油田外排水对干旱戈壁区人工湿地土壤微生物生物量的影响，选择干旱戈壁区某油田外排水形成的湿地内坝内、内外坝间、外坝边缘土壤，及不受排水影响的对照土壤，采用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）方法，分析外排水对土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌生物量的影响。结果表明：湿地内坝内、内外坝间、外坝边缘土壤与对照土壤的pH和容重均无显著差异，内外坝间的土壤含水量、电导率、溶解性全盐和全碳含量最高，显著高于内坝内土壤；除含水量外，对照土壤的主要物理性质和养分特征与湿地内坝内、内外坝间、外坝边缘的土壤无显著差异。土壤总微生物量、细菌和真菌生物量从湿地内坝内至外坝边缘逐渐增加。土壤总微生物量、细菌、真菌、放线菌与全氮含量均呈显著正相关，丛枝菌根真菌与全碳呈显著正相关，真菌、丛枝菌根真菌与总石油烃呈显著正相关。研究结果表明，油田外排水增加了湿地外坝边缘的土壤微生物量。



Abstract:We chose wetland soils in inner-dams, between-dams, outer dam edges, and control (soils unaffected by drainage) to investigate the effects of oilfield discharged water on soil microbial biomass in constructed wetland in arid Gobi region. The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to study the effects of oilfield discharged water on biomass of soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The results show that pH and soil bulk density had no significant differences among the soils from inner-dams, between-dams, outer-dam-edges, and the control. Soil water content, electrical conductivity, total soluble salt content, and total carbon content were all highest in the between-dam soils and were remarkably higher than those in the inner-dam soils. Except water content, the physical properties and nutrient contents had no significant differences between the control and other three soils. Soil bacteria, fungi and total microbial biomass increased from the inner-dams to outer dam edges. The soil total PLFA, bacteria, fungi and actinomycete biomass were positively correlated with the soil total nitrogen content. The soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biomass was positively correlated with the soil total carbon content. The fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi biomass were positively correlated with the total petroleum hydrocarbon content. The study showed that oilfield discharged water increased soil microbial biomass in the outer dam edges.





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