摘要:成本上升、利润下降严重影响毛竹林经济效益及竹农生产积极性，研究毛竹林新型经营管理技术、方法势在必行。本研究通过控制采伐宽度及采伐面积，观测一年恢复期后江苏宜兴国有林场内五种宽度（3 m、5 m、8 m、12 m、15 m）毛竹林带状样地郁闭状态及林下植被物种多样性特征，分析物种多样性对毛竹林采伐宽度及恢复状态的响应机制，研究表明：（1）研究区毛竹林下物种53科95属110种（灌木计37科64属76种，草本计18科30属34种），以蔷薇科、菊科、大戟科、茜草科、百合科、唇形科、禾本科、马鞭草科等为主。（2）物种丰富度随着毛竹郁闭度增加而降低，且人为采伐对物种丰富度（特别是木本植物）有显著促进作用，以8 m和15 m宽度带状样地物种增加最多。（3）带状采伐促进林下植被物种多样性，但降低了林下植被物种均匀度；8 m和15 m宽度带状样地Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数及Gleason物种丰富度表现优于参考样地毛竹林；五种宽度带状样地林下植被物种均匀度小于参考样地，在相同宽度样地类型中，保留样地比采伐样地物种均匀度高。（4）带状采伐对8 m和15 m宽度采伐样地林下植被生物量有明显促进作用，对其余带状样地无明显影响。因此，带状采伐对8 m、15 m毛竹林带状样地林下植被的促进作用显著。



Abstract:The increase in costs and the decline in profits have seriously affected the economic benefits of bamboo forests and bamboo farmers' enthusiasm for production. It is imperative to study new management techniques and methods of bamboo forests. By controlling the cutting width and harvesting area, we observed the five different widths (3 m, 5 m, 8 m, 12 m, and 15 m) strip harvesting bamboo forest in the state-owned forest farm of Yixing in Jiangsu Province after one-year recovery period. The response mechanism of species diversity characteristics to the width and recovery state of bamboo forest were analyzed. The results indicated that (1) there were 110 species of 95 genus in 53 families of undergrowth species in the study area (76 species of shrubs of 64 genus in 37 families and 34 species of herbs of 30 genus in 18 families), such as Rosaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Liliaceae, Labiatae, Gramineae, and Verbenaceae. (2) The species richness decreased with the increase of canopy density of bamboo forest. The harvesting significantly promoted species richness (especially woody plants), with the most increased species in the 8 m and 15 m width plots. (3) The strip harvesting promoted the species diversity of undergrowth, but reduced the species uniformity. The Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and Gleason species richness of the 8 m and 15 m width plots were better than those of the sample plots. The species evenness of undergrowth in the five width strips plots were smaller than that of the sample plots. The keeping plots had higher species evenness than the cutting plots in the same width plot type. (4) Harvesting operations significantly promoted the biomass of undergrowth in 8 m and 15 m cutting plots, but had no significant effects on the keeping strip plots.





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