摘要:探索黔中马尾松（Pinus massoniana）林下杜鹃（Rhododendron simsii）根内生真菌物种多样性和生态功能。采集黔中乌当（WD）、孟关（MG）、龙里（LL）3个地区马尾松林下杜鹃的发根，提取真菌DNA进行高通量测序。分析真菌Alpha多样性，借助FUNGuild注释平台解析真菌的生态功能类别，探索真菌群落中的核心微生物组，并结合网络图展示菌群之间的关联性。结果，3个地区的杜鹃根部内生真菌多样性非常丰富，WD地区杜鹃内生真菌多样性和丰富度最高。试验共获得有效序列425799条，817个可操作分类单元（OTU），分属于6门19纲52目103科154属，主要隶属于子囊菌门（81.2%）、接合菌门（5.8%）和担子菌门（4.7%）；优势纲、目、科分别为：散囊菌纲（43.0%）、散囊菌目（39.2%）、发菌科（39.2%）；在属的水平上，青霉属（38.60%）占比最高，其次是木霉属（7.20%）、拟盘多毛孢属（6.10%）。根部的真菌拥有多种生态功能群，如未定义腐生菌（194 OTU）、植物病原菌（20 OTU）、土壤腐生菌（18 OTU）、外生菌（14 OTU）、地衣共生真菌（10 OTU）、杜鹃类菌根真菌（5 OTU）、木腐生菌（5 OTU）、丛枝菌根（4 OTU）、内生菌（2 OTU）、动物病原菌（8 OTU），以及多种混合营养型类群21类，102个Undefined种类在FUNGuild数据库中没有参考信息。根部真菌可以形成生态位共享模式，而且不同功能群之间存在耦合性，核心基因组与关键物种以真菌组形成的生态功能团表现。



Abstract:To explore the species diversity and ecological functions of endophytic fungi in the roots of Rhododendron simsii Planch under Pinus massoniana forests in central Guizhou, the hairy roots of R. simsii under P. massoniana forests in Wudang (WD), Mengguan (MG) and Longli (LL) areas were collected. DNA of endophytic fungi in the roots was extracted for high throughput sequencing. Alpha was used to analyze the species diversity of fungi. FUNGuild annotation platform was used to analyze the ecological function categories of fungi and explore the core microbial groups in fungal communities.The network graph was used to show the correlation between fungal flora. The results showed that the species diversity of endophytic fungi in the roots of Rhododendron was rich in three regions. The diversity and richness of endophytic fungi of Rhododendron in WD area was the highest. A total of 425799 valid sequences and 817 operational classification units (OTU) were obtained, belonging to 6 phylas, 19 classes, 52 orders, 103 families, and 154 genera. They mainly belong to Ascomycota (81.2%), Zygomycota (5.8%), and Basidiomycota (4.7%). The dominant class, order, and family of them were Eurotiomycetes (43.0%), Eurotiales (39.2%), and Trichocomaceae (39.2%), respectively. At the genus level, Penicillium accounted for the highest proportion (38.60%), followed by Trichoderma (7.20%) and Pestalotiopsis which constituted 6.10%. The fungi in the root had a variety of ecological functional groups, such as Undefined Saprotroph (194 OTU), Plant Pathogen (20 OTU), Soil Saprotroph (18 OTU), Ectomycorrhizal fungi (14 OTU), Lichenized fungi (10 OTU), Ericoid Mycorrhizal fungi (5 OTU), Wood Saprotroph (5 OTU), Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (4 OTU), Endophyte (2 OTU), Animal Pathogen (8 OTU), and 21 kinds of mixed nutritional groups, in which 102 undefined species had no reference in the FUNGuild database. The endophytic fungi in the root can form niche sharing model and have coupling among different functional groups. The expression of core genomes and ecological functional groups formed by fungal groups in key species.





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